Barsanti Susanna, De Luca Valerio, Maselli Andrea, Pani Paolo
Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy.
INFN, Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy.
Phys Rev Lett. 2022 Mar 18;128(11):111104. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.111104.
Primordial black holes possibly formed in the early Universe could provide a significant fraction of the dark matter and would be unique probes of inflation. A smoking gun for their discovery would be the detection of a subsolar mass compact object. We argue that extreme mass-ratio inspirals will be ideal to search for subsolar-mass black holes not only with LISA but also with third-generation ground-based detectors such as Cosmic Explorer and the Einstein Telescope. These sources can provide unparalleled measurements of the mass of the secondary object at a subpercent level for primordial black holes as light as O(0.01) M_{⊙} up to luminosity distances around hundred megaparsec and few gigaparsec for LISA and Einstein Telescope, respectively, in a complementary frequency range. This would allow claiming, with very high statistical confidence, the detection of a subsolar-mass black hole, which would also provide a novel (and currently undetectable) family of sources for third-generation detectors.
早期宇宙中可能形成的原初黑洞可以构成暗物质的很大一部分，并且将是暴胀的独特探测手段。发现它们的关键证据将是探测到一个质量小于太阳的致密天体。我们认为，极端质量比旋进不仅对于利用激光干涉空间天线（LISA），而且对于利用诸如宇宙探测器和爱因斯坦望远镜等第三代地基探测器来搜寻质量小于太阳的黑洞而言，都将是理想的方式。这些源能够在互补的频率范围内，分别为LISA和爱因斯坦望远镜在高达约100兆秒差距和几千兆秒差距的光度距离上，提供对质量低至O(0.01) M⊙ 的原初黑洞的次天体质量的无与伦比的亚百分比水平测量。这将使得我们能够以非常高的统计置信度宣称探测到了一个质量小于太阳的黑洞，这也将为第三代探测器提供一个新的（且目前无法探测到的）源族。
