Seeman Jeffrey I
Department of Chemistry, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173, USA.
Chem Rec. 2022 Apr;22(4):e202100302. doi: 10.1002/tcr.202100302. Epub 2022 Apr 1.
In 1981, Kenichi Fukui shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Roald Hoffmann "for their theories, developed independently, concerning the course of chemical reactions." In 1964, Fukui used his frontier molecular orbital theory to reveal the mechanism of the Diels-Alder reaction, a prototypical pericyclic cycloaddition reaction. Fukui revealed this molecular orbital symmetry explanation a year before Woodward and Hoffmann's first publication on "the conservation of orbital symmetry." As detailed in this paper, during the 1960s and early 1960s, Fukui was involved in several major programs in synthesis and polymer chemistry as well as aspects of theoretical chemistry quite distant from his contributions to the orbital symmetry research that preceded Woodward and Hoffmann. In this paper, a detailed examination of Fukui's pre-1965 research is discussed. This is Paper 4 - Part III of a trilogy that deals with Fukui's Nobel Prize research and is part of a 27-paper series on the history of the development of the Woodward-Hoffmann rules.
1981年，福井谦一与罗尔德·霍夫曼共同获得诺贝尔化学奖，“以表彰他们各自独立发展的关于化学反应过程的理论”。1964年，福井谦一运用其前沿分子轨道理论揭示了狄尔斯-阿尔德反应的机理，这是一种典型的周环环加成反应。福井谦一在伍德沃德和霍夫曼首次发表关于“轨道对称性守恒”的论文一年前，就揭示了这种分子轨道对称性解释。如本文所述，在20世纪60年代及60年代初，福井谦一参与了多个合成与高分子化学的重大项目，以及一些与他在伍德沃德和霍夫曼之前对轨道对称性研究的贡献相距甚远的理论化学方面的工作。本文对福井谦一1965年之前的研究进行了详细考察。这是关于福井谦一诺贝尔奖研究的三部曲中的第4篇论文的第三部分，也是关于伍德沃德-霍夫曼规则发展历史的27篇系列论文的一部分。
