Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden.
Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden.
Chemosphere. 2022 Jul;299:134419. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134419. Epub 2022 Mar 29.
CO Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) is a fundamental strategy to mitigate climate change, and carbon sequestration, through absorption, can be one of the solutions to achieving this goal. In nature, carbonic anhydrase (CA) catalyzes the CO hydration to bicarbonates. Targeting the development of novel biotechnological routes which can compete with traditional CO absorption methods, CA utilization has presented a potential to expand as a promising catalyst for CCUS applications. Driven by this feature, the search for novel CAs as biocatalysts and the utilization of enzyme improvement techniques, such as protein engineering and immobilization methods, has resulted in suitable variants able to catalyze CO absorption at relevant industrial conditions. Limitations related to enzyme recovery and recyclability are still a concern in the field, affecting cost efficiency. Under different absorption approaches, CA enhances both kinetics and CO absorption yields, besides reduced energy consumption. However, efforts directed to process optimization and demonstrative plants are still limited. A recent topic with great potential for development is the CA utilization in accelerated weathering, where industrial residues could be re-purposed towards becoming carbon sequestrating agents. Furthermore, research of new solvents has identified potential candidates for integration with CA in CO capture, and through techno-economic assessments, CA can be a path to increase the competitiveness of alternative CO absorption systems, offering lower environmental costs. This review provides a favorable scenario combining the enzyme and CO capture, with possibilities in reaching an industrial-like stage in the future.
CO 捕集利用与封存（CCUS）是缓解气候变化的基本策略，通过吸收，碳封存可以成为实现这一目标的解决方案之一。在自然界中，碳酸酐酶（CA）催化 CO 水合生成碳酸氢盐。针对开发具有竞争力的新型生物技术路线，CA 的利用作为 CCUS 应用的潜在催化剂具有广阔的前景。受此特性的驱动，人们一直在寻找新型 CA 作为生物催化剂，并利用酶改进技术，如蛋白质工程和固定化方法，以获得能够在相关工业条件下催化 CO 吸收的合适变体。与酶的回收和可重复使用性相关的限制仍然是该领域关注的问题，这影响了成本效益。在不同的吸收方法下，CA 提高了动力学和 CO 吸收产率，同时降低了能耗。然而，针对工艺优化和示范工厂的努力仍然有限。一个具有巨大发展潜力的最新课题是 CA 在加速风化中的利用，其中工业废料可以重新用作碳封存剂。此外，对新型溶剂的研究已经确定了与 CA 结合用于 CO 捕集的潜在候选物，并且通过技术经济评估，CA 可以成为提高替代 CO 吸收系统竞争力的途径，从而降低环境成本。本综述提供了一个结合酶和 CO 捕集的有利方案，未来有可能达到工业阶段。
