Wei Xin-Yu, An Qi, Xue Nian-Yu, Chen Yu, Chen Ying-Yu, Zhang Yuan, Zhao Quan, Wang Chu-Ren
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, 163319, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, China.
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, 163319, China.
Prev Vet Med. 2022 Jun;203:105620. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2022.105620. Epub 2022 Mar 22.
Neosporosis is a worldwide infectious disease caused by the obligate intracellular parasite protozoan Neospora caninum (N. caninum), which has a heteroxenous life cycle and affects a wide range of warm-blooded animals, especially canines and cattle. Here, a meta-analysis was conducted to assess the overall seroprevalence and potential risk factors for N. caninum infection among cattle in China. The VIP Chinese Journal Databases (VIP), PubMed, WanFang, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and ScienceDirect databases were employed for a comprehensive search for relevant studies published from 2011 to 2020. A random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled seroprevalence estimated with 95% confidence intervals. The pooled N. caninum seroprevalence in cattle was estimated to be 12.2%. The highest seroprevalence of N. caninum infection in cattle was in Southern China (20.9%), while the lowest seroprevalence was in Northwest China (9.4%). The seroprevalence of N. caninum in the sub-group 2016 or later (10.2%) was lower than that in 2012-2015 (20.7%) and before 2012 (17.2%). Yaks were the least infected species of cattle (7.3%; Yellow cattle 18.1%; Buffalo 7.8%; Dairy cattle 21.5%). Cattle aged > 5 years had higher seroprevalence (20.7%) than that aged 3-5 years (10.7%) and < 3 years (14.2%). In season subgroups, the lowest N. caninum seroprevalence was found in summer (21.3%). Free ranging cattle had a 27.2% seroprevalence of N. caninum, which was higher than 7.8% in stall-feed cattle. The seroprevalence of N. caninum in female (22.6%) cattle was higher than in males (13.4%). Meanwhile, the prevalence was higher as increased parity and abortion. The results indicated that N. caninum infection in cattle was widely distributed in China. We recommend that more attention should be paid to the management of sanitary conditions for breeding in the areas with rich and warm water sources. In addition, it would appear to be prudent and feasible to selectively cease breeding for N. caninum seropositive animals in herds with low prevalence and farmers should not feed aborted fetuses to dogs on farm.
新孢子虫病是一种由专性细胞内寄生原生动物犬新孢子虫（N. caninum）引起的全球性传染病，该寄生虫具有异寄主生命周期，可感染多种温血动物，尤其是犬类和牛类。在此，我们进行了一项荟萃分析，以评估中国牛群中犬新孢子虫感染的总体血清阳性率及潜在风险因素。我们利用维普中文期刊数据库（VIP）、PubMed、万方、中国知网（CNKI）和ScienceDirect数据库，全面检索了2011年至2020年发表的相关研究。采用随机效应模型计算合并血清阳性率，并估计95%置信区间。估计牛群中犬新孢子虫的合并血清阳性率为12.2%。牛群中犬新孢子虫感染的最高血清阳性率出现在中国南方（20.9%），而最低血清阳性率出现在中国西北（9.4%）。2016年及以后亚组中犬新孢子虫的血清阳性率（10.2%）低于2012 - 2015年（20.7%）和2012年以前（17.2%）。牦牛是感染率最低的牛种（7.3%；黄牛18.1%；水牛7.8%；奶牛21.5%）。年龄大于5岁的牛血清阳性率（20.7%）高于3 - 5岁（10.7%）和小于3岁（14.2%）的牛。在季节亚组中，夏季犬新孢子虫的血清阳性率最低（21.3%）。散养牛的犬新孢子虫血清阳性率为27.2%，高于圈养牛的7.8%。母牛中犬新孢子虫的血清阳性率（22.6%）高于公牛（13.4%）。同时，随着胎次和流产次数增加，患病率也更高。结果表明，中国牛群中的犬新孢子虫感染分布广泛。我们建议，在水源丰富且温暖的地区，应更加关注养殖卫生条件的管理。此外，在患病率较低的牛群中，选择性地停止对犬新孢子虫血清阳性动物的繁殖似乎是谨慎且可行的，并且农民不应在农场将流产胎儿喂给狗。
