Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
BMC Oral Health. 2022 Apr 2;22(1):108. doi: 10.1186/s12903-022-02145-x.
This in vitro study aimed to provide evidence regarding the selection of hole diameters of implant crowns to reduce excess cement extrusion at the abutment margin, and to examine the maintenance of their retention capacity in anterior and posterior cement-retained implant crowns.
Six groups of implant crowns were prepared according to the position of the teeth and the size of their holes as follows: anterior crown without hole (ANH), anterior crown with 1-mm mini venting hole (AMH), anterior crown with 2.5-mm regular screw access hole (ARH), posterior crown without hole (PNH), posterior crown with 1-mm mini venting hole (PMH), and posterior crown with 2.5-mm regular screw access hole (PRH). Temporary cement was used to bond the crowns to the abutments. The mean amount of excess cement extrusion among the different groups at the abutment margin was calculated. Retentive strength under different hole designs was measured as the dislocation force of the crown using a universal testing machine. One-way ANOVA and Welch's t-test were used to analyze the results.
The average amounts of extruded excess cement were 18.96 ± 0.64, 1.78 ± 0.41, and 1.30 ± 0.41 mg in the ANH, AMH, and ARH groups, respectively, and 14.87 ± 0.36, 1.51 ± 0.40, and 0.82 ± 0.22 mg in the PNH, PMH, and PRH groups, respectively. The hole opening in the crowns could significantly reduce residual cement regardless of its size (p < 0.001). The mean retentive strengths were 54.16 ± 6.00, 47.63 ± 13.54, and 31.99 ± 7.75 N in the ANH, AMH, and ARH groups, respectively, and 57.84 ± 10.19, 53.22 ± 6.98, and 39.48 ± 5.12 N in the PNH, PMH, and PRH groups, respectively. The retention capacity of the implant crown deteriorated rapidly as the holes on the crown surface enlarged.
The presence of a hole on the implant crown reduced the amount of excess cement. The retention ability of the implant crowns deteriorated as the size of the hole increased. Considering the esthetic effect of the crown and the possible influence on crown retention, an implant crown with a 1-mm mini venting hole is a better clinical choice than the one with a 2.5-mm regular screw access hole.
本体外研究旨在提供有关种植体冠孔直径选择的证据，以减少基台边缘处多余粘固剂挤出，并检查在前牙和后牙粘固式种植体冠中维持其固位力的情况。
根据牙齿位置和孔的大小，制备了六组种植体冠，具体如下：无前牙孔（ANH）、前牙 1mm 微型通风孔（AMH）、前牙 2.5mm 常规螺丝通道孔（ARH）、后牙无前牙孔（PNH）、后牙 1mm 微型通风孔（PMH）和后牙 2.5mm 常规螺丝通道孔（PRH）。使用临时粘固剂将冠粘结到基台上。计算不同组基台边缘处多余粘固剂挤出的平均量。使用万能试验机测量不同孔设计下的固位强度，即冠的脱位力。采用单因素方差分析和 Welch 检验进行结果分析。
ANH、AMH 和 ARH 组中挤出的多余粘固剂平均量分别为 18.96±0.64、1.78±0.41 和 1.30±0.41mg，PNH、PMH 和 PRH 组中挤出的多余粘固剂平均量分别为 14.87±0.36、1.51±0.40 和 0.82±0.22mg。无论孔的大小如何，冠上的孔开口都能显著减少残留粘固剂（p<0.001）。ANH、AMH 和 ARH 组的平均固位强度分别为 54.16±6.00、47.63±13.54 和 31.99±7.75N，PNH、PMH 和 PRH 组的平均固位强度分别为 57.84±10.19、53.22±6.98 和 39.48±5.12N。随着冠表面孔的增大，种植体冠的固位能力迅速恶化。
种植体冠上的孔减少了多余粘固剂的量。随着孔尺寸的增加，种植体冠的固位能力下降。考虑到冠的美观效果和对冠固位力的可能影响，带 1mm 微型通风孔的种植体冠比带 2.5mm 常规螺丝通道孔的种植体冠更具临床优势。
