Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
J Pediatr. 2022 Jul;246:184-190.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2022.03.046. Epub 2022 Mar 30.
Consumption of saturated fatty acids (SAFAs), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), cholesterol, and fiber have been linked with cognitive function in adults. We evaluated these associations from childhood by leveraging data from the Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project (STRIP).
STRIP recruited children aged 5 months and randomly assigned them into intervention/control groups. The intervention introduced a heart-healthy diet, characterized mainly by low consumption of SAFAs and cholesterol, through counseling at least biannually between age 7 months and 20 years. Diet was assessed repeatedly using food diaries. Six years after the end of the intervention phase, at age 26 years, the participants were invited to the first postintervention follow-up, which included cognitive testing that covered learning and memory, verbal memory, short-term working memory, reaction time, information processing, and cognitive flexibility and inhibitory control. We studied the associations of the STRIP intervention and the consumptions of SAFAs, PUFAs, cholesterol, and fiber within these cognitive domains.
Participants in the STRIP intervention group had better cognitive flexibility and inhibitory control and were better able to manage conflicting information and ignore task-irrelevant information (0.18 SD higher in the intervention group, adjusted for sex and socioeconomic status). No associations were observed with the dietary components studied.
The infancy-onset STRIP intervention, which promoted a heart-healthy diet, was favorably associated with cognitive flexibility and inhibitory control at age 26 years. No associations were found for the intervention targets studied, indicating that these specific dietary components did not underlie the observed effect of the intervention.
饱和脂肪酸（SAFAs）、多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）、胆固醇和纤维的摄入与成年人的认知功能有关。我们通过利用特殊图尔库冠状动脉风险因素干预项目（STRIP）的数据，从儿童时期评估这些关联。
STRIP 招募了 5 个月大的儿童，并将他们随机分配到干预/对照组。干预通过至少每半年一次的咨询，在 7 个月至 20 岁之间引入了一种健康的心脏饮食，主要特点是低 SAFAs 和胆固醇的摄入。通过食物日记反复评估饮食。干预阶段结束 6 年后，即 26 岁时，邀请参与者参加第一次干预后随访，包括学习和记忆、言语记忆、短期工作记忆、反应时间、信息处理以及认知灵活性和抑制控制方面的认知测试。我们研究了 STRIP 干预和这些认知领域内的 SAFAs、PUFAs、胆固醇和纤维的摄入之间的关联。
STRIP 干预组的参与者具有更好的认知灵活性和抑制控制能力，并且能够更好地管理冲突信息和忽略任务不相关的信息（干预组高 0.18 个标准差，根据性别和社会经济状况调整）。未观察到与所研究的饮食成分有关的关联。
始于婴儿期的 STRIP 干预促进了健康的心脏饮食，与 26 岁时的认知灵活性和抑制控制呈有利关联。未发现干预目标的关联，表明这些特定的饮食成分不是观察到的干预效果的基础。
