Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Subcell Biochem. 2022;98:103-116. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-94004-1_6.
Phagocytes play critical roles in the maintenance of organismal homeostasis and immunity. Central to their role is their ability to take up and process exogenous material via the related processes of phagocytosis and macropinocytosis. The mechanisms and functions underlying macropinocytosis have remained severely understudied relative to phagocytosis. In recent years, however, there has been a renaissance in macropinocytosis research. Phagocytes can engage in various forms of macropinocytosis including an "induced" form and a "constitutive" form. This chapter, however, will focus on constitutive macropinocytosis and its role in the maintenance of immunity. Functions previously attributed to macropinocytosis, including antigen presentation and immune surveillance, will be revisited in light of recent revelations and emerging concepts will be highlighted.
吞噬细胞在维持机体稳态和免疫中发挥着关键作用。吞噬作用和巨胞饮作用等相关过程是其摄取和处理外源性物质的核心能力。与吞噬作用相比，巨胞饮作用的机制和功能仍未得到充分研究。然而，近年来巨胞饮作用的研究又重新兴起。吞噬细胞可以进行各种形式的巨胞饮作用，包括“诱导型”和“组成型”。然而，本章将重点讨论组成型巨胞饮作用及其在免疫维持中的作用。将根据最近的发现重新审视先前归因于巨胞饮作用的功能，包括抗原呈递和免疫监视，并强调新出现的概念。
