Liu Hai-Xiang, Liu Qing-Jie
China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Int J Radiat Biol. 2022 Apr 22;98(11):1595-1608. doi: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2063430. Print 2022.
With the development of radiation metabolomics, a large number of radiation-related metabolic biomarkers have been identified and validated. The L-carnitine and acylcarnitines have the potential to be the new promising candidate indicators of radiation exposure. This review summarizes the effect of carnitine shuttle system on the profile of acylcarnitines and correlates the radiation effects on upstream regulators of carnitine shuttle system with the change characteristics of L-carnitine and acylcarnitines after irradiation across different animal models as well as a few humans.
Studies report that acylcarnitines were ubiquitously elevated after irradiation, especially the free L-carnitine and short-chain acylcarnitines (C2-C5). However, the molecular mechanism underlying acylcarnitine alterations after irradiation is not fully investigated, and further studies are needed to explore the biological effect and its mechanism. The activity of the carnitine shuttle system plays a key role in the alteration of L-carnitine and acylcarnitines, and the upstream regulators of the system are known to be affected by irradiation. These evidences indicate that that there is a logistic role of carnitine shuttle system on radiation-induced L-carnitine and acylcarnitines alteration.
随着辐射代谢组学的发展，大量与辐射相关的代谢生物标志物已被鉴定和验证。左旋肉碱和酰基肉碱有潜力成为辐射暴露的新的有前景的候选指标。本综述总结了肉碱穿梭系统对酰基肉碱谱的影响，并将辐射对肉碱穿梭系统上游调节因子的作用与不同动物模型以及少数人类受辐照后左旋肉碱和酰基肉碱的变化特征相关联。
研究报告称，辐照后酰基肉碱普遍升高，尤其是游离左旋肉碱和短链酰基肉碱（C2 - C5）。然而，辐照后酰基肉碱改变的分子机制尚未得到充分研究，需要进一步研究来探索其生物学效应及其机制。肉碱穿梭系统的活性在左旋肉碱和酰基肉碱的改变中起关键作用，并且已知该系统的上游调节因子会受到辐照的影响。这些证据表明肉碱穿梭系统在辐射诱导的左旋肉碱和酰基肉碱改变中具有逻辑作用。
