Department of Fundamentals of Nursing, Nursing Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.
J Clin Pharm Ther. 2022 Aug;47(8):1249-1256. doi: 10.1111/jcpt.13663. Epub 2022 Apr 6.
It is important to identify effective, easy-to-use and cost-effective non-pharmacological methods in the management of pain caused by medical interventions. The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of cold spray and ShotBlocker on pain in adults in reducing pain caused by intramuscular injection in the adult emergency department.
This is a randomized controlled trial with two experimental groups, two placebo groups and a control group. The study was conducted on 195 adults who received diclofenac sodium injections. In the study, the injection procedure was performed by following the same injection protocol in all five groups. In the injection process, cold spray or ShotBlocker was used in the intervention groups based on the group, and cold spray with distilled water or the smooth surface of the ShotBlocker was used in the placebo groups. Following the injection, the pain caused by the injection was evaluated using the Visual Analog Scale.
The study was completed with the remaining 195 patients. In the study, the average pain scores due to injection of the individuals in the cold spray group were lower than those of the control group (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the pain score averages due to injection of the individuals in the ShotBlocker group and cold spray, control, ShotBlocker placebo and cold spray placebo groups.
The routine use of a fast-acting, cost-effective and easy-to-use method, cold spray, to reduce pain in the intramuscular injection will be beneficial in increasing patient satisfaction and quality of care.
在医学干预引起的疼痛管理中，识别有效、易用且具有成本效益的非药物方法非常重要。本研究的目的是比较冷雾喷射器和 ShotBlocker 在减轻成人急诊室肌肉注射引起的疼痛方面的效果。
这是一项随机对照试验，分为两个实验组、两个安慰剂组和一个对照组。共有 195 名接受双氯芬酸钠注射的成年人参与了这项研究。在研究中，所有五组均按照相同的注射方案进行注射程序。在注射过程中，根据组别的不同，干预组使用冷雾喷射器或 ShotBlocker，而安慰剂组则使用冷雾喷射器的蒸馏水或 ShotBlocker 的光滑表面。注射后，使用视觉模拟评分法评估注射引起的疼痛。
本研究共完成了 195 名剩余患者。研究结果显示，冷雾喷射器组个体因注射引起的平均疼痛评分低于对照组（p<0.05）。ShotBlocker 组个体因注射引起的疼痛评分平均值与冷雾喷射器组、对照组、ShotBlocker 安慰剂组和冷雾喷射器安慰剂组之间无统计学差异。
常规使用快速起效、具有成本效益且易于使用的方法冷雾喷射器来减轻肌肉注射引起的疼痛，将有助于提高患者满意度和护理质量。
