Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200031, China.
ENT institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2022 Aug;46(4):1706-1712. doi: 10.1007/s00266-022-02802-0. Epub 2022 Apr 6.
Temporoparietal fascia is important for auricular reconstruction or repair after auricular reconstruction. Thus, the course of the superficial temporal artery (STA) is of vital importance to prevent destruction of the artery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the course of the superficial temporal artery in patients with congenital microtia and its relationship with remnants.
This was a prospective study. Patients with microtia who underwent auricular reconstruction in our hospital from January 2021 to July 2021 underwent ultrasound examination of the STA. Under the guidance of ultrasound, the superficial temporal artery and its branches were located and marked on the body surface before the operation, ranging from the zygomatic arch plane to the temporal parietal artery. In addition, the hemodynamics of the STAs were recorded.
A total of 108 patients with microtia were collected, including 106 patients with unilateral microtia and 2 patients with bilateral microtia. There were 82 cases of lobule type, 21 cases of small concha type, and 7 cases of large concha type. The superficial temporal artery in 103 ears was divided into two branches: the parietal branch and the frontal branch, but there was only one branch in 7 ears. The parietal branch was absent in 5 cases, and the frontal branch was absent in 2 cases. In most of the ears, the bifurcation was located above the zygomatic arch plane. Only in 2 ears was the bifurcation located below the zygomatic arch, and the most common bifurcation position was the eyebrow arch level (43.7%). Regarding the shortest distances between the STA and the remnant, they were less than 0.5 cm in 47 ears, more than 1 cm in 30 ears, and 0.5 cm to 1 cm in 33 ears.
The course of STA varied greatly and there were occasional single branches. The distances between the STA and remnant were often near 0.5 cm by ultrasonography. Therefore, when removing the remnant and separating the pocket, care should be taken to avoid arterial injury.
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颞浅筋膜对于耳再造或修复后耳廓的重建非常重要。因此，了解颞浅动脉（STA）的走行对于防止动脉损伤至关重要。本研究旨在评估先天性小耳畸形患者 STA 的走行及其与残耳的关系。
这是一项前瞻性研究。2021 年 1 月至 7 月，我院收治的行耳廓再造术的小耳畸形患者接受 STA 超声检查。在超声引导下，术前在体表定位并标记颞浅动脉及其分支，范围从颧弓平面至颞顶动脉。此外，还记录了 STA 的血流动力学。
共纳入 108 例小耳畸形患者，其中单侧小耳畸形 106 例，双侧小耳畸形 2 例。耳甲腔型 82 例，小耳甲腔型 21 例，大耳甲腔型 7 例。103 耳的颞浅动脉分为两支：顶支和额支，但 7 耳只有一支。5 耳顶支缺如，2 耳额支缺如。大多数耳的分支位于颧弓平面以上，只有 2 耳的分支位于颧弓平面以下，最常见的分支位置是眉弓水平（43.7%）。关于 STA 与残耳之间的最短距离，47 耳小于 0.5cm，30 耳大于 1cm，33 耳 0.5cm 至 1cm。
STA 的走行变化较大，偶尔出现单支。超声检查显示 STA 与残耳的距离常接近 0.5cm。因此，在切除残耳和分离皮瓣时，应注意避免动脉损伤。
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