[Bárány's discovery and its reception by his contemporaries].

Bárány's main achievement is that he unified known, but apparently contradictory facts into one perspective. The concept of a method for examining each ear individually by means of the caloric test fundamentally advanced diagnostics. In 1914 he was honoured with the Nobel Prize, but in his home town of Vienna he was denied the title of professor. Many debates took place about this. In 1917 he moved to Uppsala where he eventually became head of the laryngology department. Two reasons justify the fact that we may call Bárány an Austrian Nobel Prize Winner, firstly that he kept his loyalty to Vienna, his birth place and, secondly, that all his work for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize was done in the Vienna General Hospital.