Museu Nacional, Departamento de Invertebrados, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, s/n, CEP 20940-040, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Rue Vautier 29, B1000, Bruxelles, Belgium 3Universit Libre de Bruxelles, Laboratoire de Biologie Marine, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50, B1050 Bruxelles, Belgium.
Zootaxa. 2022 Jan 6;5087(2):201-252. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.5087.2.1.
The Peruvian coast is certainly one of the poorest studied areas in the world for marine sponges biodiversity, with only 20 species registered so far from over 2,400 km coastline. In spite of its great species richness worldwide, there is not a single record of Haplosclerida in Peru. Accordingly, in this study we aimed to describe the species belonging to this order present in the relatively recent collections undertaken along the Peruvian coast by two of us (PhW, EH). Here, we describe fourteen new species, provisionally endemic to the Peruvian coast. This finding represents a major addition to the knowledge of the biodiversity of sponges along the Peruvian coast, increasing the list of species known to occur in this area by about 68%. This is also the largest single proposal of new Haplosclerida in over 37 years of sponge taxonomy worldwide. Niphates is for the first time recorded in the Southeastern Pacific, and an identification key to the Haplosclerida from the Peruvian coast is provided. Regarding the distribution of the described species, most of themexcept for Chalinula chelysa sp. nov.have a narrow geographic range, which might indicate their rarity or that the haplosclerid fauna in Peru is still poorly known.
秘鲁海岸的海洋海绵生物多样性是世界上研究最少的地区之一，在超过 2400 公里的海岸线上，目前仅登记了 20 种物种。尽管全球范围内 Haplosclerida 的物种丰富度很高，但在秘鲁却没有一个记录。因此，在这项研究中，我们旨在描述由我们两人（PhW 和 EH）在秘鲁海岸最近的采集工作中发现的属于该目物种。这里，我们描述了 14 个新物种，这些物种暂时是秘鲁海岸的特有种。这一发现代表了对秘鲁海岸海绵生物多样性认识的重大补充，使该地区已知物种的数量增加了约 68%。这也是全球海绵分类学 37 多年来首次提出的大量新的 Haplosclerida。Niphates 首次在东南太平洋被记录，并且提供了一份来自秘鲁海岸的 Haplosclerida 鉴定钥匙。关于描述的物种的分布，除了 Chalinula chelysa sp. nov. 之外，它们中的大多数都有狭窄的地理分布范围，这可能表明它们的稀有性，或者秘鲁的 haplosclerid 动物群仍然知之甚少。
