Universidade de Vigo, ECOEVO Lab, Escola de Enxeara Forestal, Campus A Xunqueira 36005 Pontevedra, Galiza, Spain.
Kunming Natural History Museum of Zoology, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China.
Zootaxa. 2022 Jan 5;5087(1):59-74. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.5087.1.3.
Ischnura praematura sp. nov. (Holotype , China, Yunnan, Lijiang, 263103.54N, 1001338.89E, 2396 m, 04 xii 2015, I. Sanmartn-Villar H. Zhang leg.) is morphologically described, illustrated and compared with close species of the genus. Ischnura praematura can be mainly distinguished from its congeners I. aurora, I. rubilio and I. asiatica by its abdominal and thoracic morphology and colouration. The posterior lobe of the prothorax is elevated in I. praematura and the mesostigmal plates possess dorsal triangular protuberances. Ischnura praematura shows pointed paraprocts, internalised wide cerci and lacks a dorsal tuberculum in the tenth abdominal segment. The blue abdominal colouration is present in the last three segments (incomplete for segment eight and ten in some individuals). No female polychromatism was detected and all females observed possessed different colouration than male (gynochrome). Morphological distinctiveness of the species is supported by genetic analyses, which show that I. praematura forms a well-supported, monophyletic clade, with I. asiatica, I. ezoin and I. pumilio as the most closely related species. In the field, mature females show strong reluctance to mate, and males were observed mating with newly emerged females.
早熟细蜉（新种）（模式标本，中国，云南，丽江，263103.54N，1001338.89E，2396 米，2015 年 12 月 4 日，I. Sanmartn-Villar & H. Zhang 采集），形态学描述、绘图并与近缘种进行比较。早熟细蜉主要通过腹部和胸部形态和颜色与同属的 aurora、rubilio 和 asiatica 种相区别。前胸后叶在早熟细蜉中升高，中胸侧板具有背三角突起。早熟细蜉具有尖锐的肛附器、内弯的宽大尾须和第十腹节缺乏背结节。蓝腹颜色存在于最后三个腹节（在一些个体中第八和第十腹节不完整）。未检测到雌性多态性，所有观察到的雌性与雄性（性色型）具有不同的颜色。该物种的形态独特性得到遗传分析的支持，分析显示早熟细蜉形成一个支持良好的单系群，与 asiatica、ezoin 和 pumilio 种关系最为密切。在野外，成熟雌性表现出强烈的交配抗拒，雄性被观察到与新出现的雌性交配。
