Beckstead E, Mulokozi G, Jensen M, Smith J, Baldauf M, Dearden K A, Linehan M, Torres S, Glenn J, West J H, Hall P C, Crookston B T
Brigham Young University, Provo, USA.
ASTUTE Program, IMA World Health, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
BMC Nutr. 2022 Apr 7;8(1):29. doi: 10.1186/s40795-022-00511-0.
Optimal infant and young child feeding practices (IYCFP) reduce childhood stunting and are associated with additional health benefits. In Tanzania, IYCFP are far from optimal where 32% of children under the age of 5 years are stunted. The purpose of this study was to examine whether behavior change communication focused on reducing child undernutrition was associated with improved IYCFP in Tanzania.
A cross-sectional survey was administered to approximately 10,000 households with children under the age of 2 at baseline and endline. Bivariate analyses and logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between exposure to behavior change communication and timely initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding, continued breastfeeding at one year, timely complementary feeding (CF), minimum meal frequency (MMF), minimum dietary diversity (MDD), and minimum acceptable diet (MAD).
Mothers who heard a radio spot about IYCFP were more likely than mothers who had not heard a radio spot about IYCFP to begin complementary foods at six months. Their children were also more likely to achieve MMF, MDD, and MAD with odds ratios of 2.227 (p = 0.0061), 1.222 (p = 0.0454), 1.618 (p = < .0001), and 1.511 (p = 0.0002), respectively. Mothers who saw a TV spot about IYCFP were more likely to have greater odds of knowing when to begin complementary feeding, feeding their child a minimally diverse diet (4 food groups or more), and serving a minimum acceptable diet with odds ratios of 1.335 (p = 0.0081), 1.360 (p = 0.0003), and 1.268 (p = 0.0156), respectively.
Exposure to behavior change communication in Tanzania was generally associated with some increased knowledge of optimal IYCFP as well as practicing IYCF behaviors. Behavior change communication planners and implementers may want to consider conducting similar campaigns as an important component of behavior change to reduce undernutrition and poor health outcomes in developing settings.
最佳婴幼儿喂养方式（IYCFP）可减少儿童发育迟缓，并带来其他健康益处。在坦桑尼亚，IYCFP远未达到最佳状态，5岁以下儿童中有32%发育迟缓。本研究的目的是调查在坦桑尼亚，以减少儿童营养不良为重点的行为改变沟通是否与改善IYCFP相关。
在基线期和终期对约10,000户有2岁以下儿童的家庭进行了横断面调查。采用双变量分析和逻辑回归来研究接触行为改变沟通与及时开始母乳喂养、纯母乳喂养、一岁时继续母乳喂养、及时添加辅食（CF）、最低进餐频率（MMF）、最低饮食多样性（MDD）和最低可接受饮食（MAD）之间的关系。
听过关于IYCFP广播节目的母亲比未听过此类广播节目的母亲更有可能在六个月时开始添加辅食。她们的孩子也更有可能达到MMF、MDD和MAD，优势比分别为2.227（p = 0.0061）、1.222（p = 0.0454）、1.618（p = <.0001）和1.511（p = 0.0002）。看过关于IYCFP电视节目的母亲更有可能在知晓何时开始添加辅食、给孩子提供最低限度多样化饮食（4种或更多食物组）以及提供最低可接受饮食方面有更高的优势比，分别为1.335（p = 0.0081）、1.360（p = 0.0003）和1.268（p = 0.0156）。
在坦桑尼亚，接触行为改变沟通通常与对最佳IYCFP的一些知识增加以及践行IYCF行为有关。行为改变沟通的规划者和实施者可能希望考虑开展类似活动，作为行为改变的一个重要组成部分，以减少发展中地区的营养不良和不良健康结果。
