Görürgöz Cansu, Yangıncı Yasemin, Akçam Mehmet Okan, Orhan Kaan
Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Bursa Uludag University, Faculty of Dentistry, 16059, Bursa, Turkey.
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Mimar Sinan Mah. Emniyet Cad. Yıldırım, Bursa, Turkey.
J Orofac Orthop. 2023 Nov;84(6):392-404. doi: 10.1007/s00056-022-00387-6. Epub 2022 Apr 8.
The present study aims to compare the M‑mode ultrasound findings of different skeletal malocclusions and to evaluate whether sonographic parameters can be used for the diagnosis of malocclusions.
Tongue movements of 36 adolescents aged between 10.37 and 17.29 years (mean 14.25 ± 1.78 years) were assessed using simultaneous two-dimensional real-time B‑mode and M‑mode sonography. The swallowing patterns of the subjects were visualized recording the motion of the tongue surface in the ultrasound images utilizing a fixed scan line through the middle of the tongue. M‑mode scans of tongue motion during empty deglutition were recorded. The parameters range, duration, and speed were computed for the entirety of the swallowing process using M‑mode examination. Findings were evaluated and statistically analyzed.
No clear intraindividual repeatability in the M‑mode imaging of the subjects' swallowing process could be observed. Considering the setup used in the study, it was not always possible to distinguish individual swallowing stages in the M‑mode images with regard to the chosen reference points. The average duration, range of motion, and speed of swallowing were found to be 2.43 s, 24.06 mm, and 10.34 mm/s, respectively. The findings showed both intra- and intersubject variability during empty swallowing.
With the help of the metrics that could be calculated based on the M‑mode images, it was not possible to differentiate the swallowing acts of different skeletal malocclusion types. It remains unclear whether M‑mode imaging can accurately visualize the swallowing pattern. Therefore, further progress in technology and multidisciplinary work is needed in order to establish diagnostic references regarding swallowing.
本研究旨在比较不同骨骼错牙合畸形的M型超声检查结果，并评估超声参数是否可用于错牙合畸形的诊断。
使用同步二维实时B型和M型超声检查评估36名年龄在10.37至17.29岁（平均14.25±1.78岁）青少年的舌运动。通过在舌中部使用固定扫描线记录超声图像中舌表面的运动，来观察受试者的吞咽模式。记录空吞咽时舌运动的M型扫描。使用M型检查计算整个吞咽过程的参数范围、持续时间和速度。对结果进行评估和统计分析。
在受试者吞咽过程的M型成像中未观察到明显的个体内重复性。考虑到本研究中使用的设置，就所选参考点而言，并非总能在M型图像中区分各个吞咽阶段。发现吞咽的平均持续时间、运动范围和速度分别为2.43秒、24.06毫米和10.34毫米/秒。结果显示在空吞咽过程中存在个体内和个体间的变异性。
借助基于M型图像计算出的指标，无法区分不同骨骼错牙合畸形类型的吞咽动作。目前尚不清楚M型成像能否准确显示吞咽模式。因此，为了建立关于吞咽的诊断参考，需要在技术和多学科合作方面取得进一步进展。
