Wu Tianhao, Liu Xiao, Luo Xinhui, Segawa Hiroshi, Tong Guoqing, Zhang Yiqiang, Ono Luis K, Qi Yabing, Han Liyuan
State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Material Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
Energy Materials and Surface Sciences Unit (EMSSU), Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan.
Nanomicro Lett. 2022 Apr 8;14(1):99. doi: 10.1007/s40820-022-00842-4.
Lead-free tin perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have undergone rapid development in recent years and are regarded as a promising eco-friendly photovoltaic technology. However, a strategy to suppress charge recombination via a built-in electric field inside a tin perovskite crystal is still lacking. In the present study, a formamidinium tin iodide (FASnI) perovskite absorber with a vertical Sn gradient was fabricated using a Lewis base-assisted recrystallization method to enhance the built-in electric field and minimize the bulk recombination loss inside the tin perovskites. Depth-dependent X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the Fermi level upshifts with an increase in Sn content from the bottom to the top in this heterogeneous FASnI film, which generates an additional electric field to prevent the trapping of photo-induced electrons and holes. Consequently, the Sn-gradient FASnI absorber exhibits a promising efficiency of 13.82% for inverted tin PSCs with an open-circuit voltage increase of 130 mV, and the optimized cell maintains over 13% efficiency after continuous operation under 1-sun illumination for 1,000 h.
无铅锡基钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSCs）近年来发展迅速，被视为一种很有前景的环保光伏技术。然而，目前仍缺乏一种通过锡基钙钛矿晶体内的内建电场来抑制电荷复合的策略。在本研究中，采用路易斯碱辅助重结晶法制备了具有垂直Sn梯度的碘化甲脒锡（FASnI）钙钛矿吸收层，以增强内建电场并最小化锡基钙钛矿内部的体相复合损失。深度相关的X射线光电子能谱表明，在这种异质FASnI薄膜中，费米能级从底部到顶部随着Sn含量的增加而向上移动，这产生了一个额外的电场，以防止光生电子和空穴被捕获。因此，对于倒置锡基PSC，具有Sn梯度的FASnI吸收层表现出13.82%的可观效率，开路电压增加了130 mV，并且优化后的电池在1个太阳光照下连续运行1000小时后仍保持超过13%的效率。
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