School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China.
Vaccine Clinical Evaluation Department, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, PR China.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2022 Nov 30;18(5):2050106. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2050106. Epub 2022 Apr 8.
The presence of maternal poliovirus antibodies may interfere with the immune response to inactivated polio vaccine (IPV), and its influence on the safety of vaccination is not yet understood. A total of 1146 eligible infants were randomly assigned (1:1) to the IPV and Sabin IPV (SIPV) groups to compare and analyze the efficacy of the two vaccines in preventing poliovirus infection. We pooled the SIPV and IPV groups and reclassified them into the maternal poliovirus antibody-positive group (MAPG; ≥1: 8) and the maternal poliovirus antibody-negative group (MANG; <1: 8). We evaluated the impact of maternal poliovirus antibodies by comparing the geometric mean titer (GMT), seroconversion rate, and geometric mean increase (GMI) of types I-III poliovirus neutralizing antibodies post-vaccination, and incidence rates of adverse reactions following vaccination between the MAPG and MANG. Respective seroconversion rates in the MAPG and MANG were 94% and 100%, 79.27% and 100%, and 93.26% and 100% (all serotypes, < .01) for types I-III poliovirus, respectively. The GMT of all types of poliovirus antibodies in the MAPG (1319.13, 219.91, 764.11, respectively) were significantly lower than those in the MANG (1584.92, 286.73, 899.59, respectively) ( < .05). The GMI in the MAPG was significantly lower than that in the MANG ( < .05). No statistically significant difference in the incidence of local and systemic adverse reactions was observed between the MAPG and MANG. Thus, the presence of maternal poliovirus antibodies does not affect the safety of IPV but can negatively impact the immune responses in infants after IPV vaccination.
母体脊灰病毒抗体的存在可能会干扰灭活脊灰病毒疫苗（IPV）的免疫应答，其对疫苗接种安全性的影响尚不清楚。将 1146 名符合条件的婴儿随机（1:1）分配至 IPV 和沙宾型 IPV（SIPV）组，比较和分析两种疫苗预防脊灰病毒感染的效果。我们将 SIPV 和 IPV 组合并，并重新分类为母体脊灰病毒抗体阳性组（MAPG；≥1:8）和母体脊灰病毒抗体阴性组（MANG；<1:8）。我们通过比较接种后 I-III 型脊灰病毒中和抗体的几何平均滴度（GMT）、血清转化率和几何平均增加（GMI），以及接种后不良反应发生率，评估母体脊灰病毒抗体的影响。MAPG 和 MANG 的相应血清转化率分别为 94%和 100%、79.27%和 100%、93.26%和 100%（所有血清型，均<.01）。MAPG 中所有类型脊灰病毒抗体的 GMT（分别为 1319.13、219.91、764.11）均显著低于 MANG（分别为 1584.92、286.73、899.59）（均<.05）。MAPG 的 GMI 显著低于 MANG（均<.05）。MAPG 和 MANG 之间局部和全身不良反应发生率无统计学差异。因此，母体脊灰病毒抗体的存在不会影响 IPV 的安全性，但会对 IPV 接种后婴儿的免疫反应产生负面影响。
