Willems Alex, De Veylder Lieven
Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; email:
Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2022 Oct 6;38:25-48. doi: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-120420-092421. Epub 2022 Apr 8.
The anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) represents a large multisubunit E3-ubiquitin ligase complex that controls the unidirectional progression through the cell cycle by the ubiquitination of specific target proteins, marking them for proteasomal destruction. Although the APC/C's role is largely conserved among eukaryotes, its subunit composition and target spectrum appear to be species specific. In this review, we focus on the plant APC/C complex, whose activity correlates with different developmental processes, including polyploidization and gametogenesis. After an introduction into proteolytic control by ubiquitination, we discuss the composition of the plant APC/C and the essential nature of its core subunits for plant development. Subsequently, we describe the APC/C activator subunits and interactors, most being plant specific. Finally, we provide a comprehensive list of confirmed and suspected plant APC/C target proteins. Identification of growth-related targets might offer opportunities to increase crop yield and resilience of plants to climate change by manipulating APC/C activity.
后期促进复合体/细胞周期体（APC/C）是一种大型多亚基E3泛素连接酶复合体，它通过对特定靶蛋白进行泛素化作用来控制细胞周期的单向进程，使其被蛋白酶体降解。尽管APC/C的作用在真核生物中基本保守，但其亚基组成和靶标谱似乎具有物种特异性。在本综述中，我们重点关注植物APC/C复合体，其活性与包括多倍体化和配子发生在内的不同发育过程相关。在介绍了泛素化介导的蛋白水解控制后，我们讨论了植物APC/C的组成及其核心亚基对植物发育的重要性。随后，我们描述了APC/C激活亚基和相互作用蛋白，其中大多数是植物特有的。最后，我们提供了一份已确认和疑似的植物APC/C靶蛋白的综合列表。鉴定与生长相关的靶标可能为通过操纵APC/C活性来提高作物产量和植物对气候变化的适应能力提供机会。
