Gao Dawen, Li Yuqi, Liang Hong
School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China.
State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
Bioresour Technol. 2022 Jun;353:127115. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127115. Epub 2022 Apr 5.
The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) process was proposed as the most promising nitrogen removal process. Biofilm carriers were demonstrated to effectively enhance the anaerobic ammonium oxidating bacteria (AnAOB) retention. This paper reviews the effect of carrier properties on the AnAOB biofilm development according to the biofilm development process and the application state-of-art of three major kinds of conventional carriers, organic-based, inorganic-based carriers, and gel carriers, from the view of system performance and functional microorganisms. The carrier modification methods and purpose are thoroughly summarized and classified into three categories corresponding to various carrier defects. Four important aspects of the desirable carrier for the mainstream ANAMMOX process were proposed, including providing spatial configuration, enhancing the biomass retention, reinforcing the activity, and improving the growth environment, which needs to combine the advantages of organic and inorganic materials. Eventually, the future application directions of novel carriers for the ANAMMOX-based process were also highlighted.
厌氧氨氧化（ANAMMOX）工艺被认为是最具前景的脱氮工艺。生物膜载体被证明能有效提高厌氧氨氧化细菌（AnAOB）的留存率。本文从系统性能和功能微生物的角度，根据生物膜的形成过程以及三种主要传统载体（有机基载体、无机基载体和凝胶载体）的应用现状，综述了载体特性对AnAOB生物膜形成的影响。对载体改性方法及目的进行了全面总结，并根据载体的各种缺陷分为三类。提出了主流ANAMMOX工艺理想载体的四个重要方面，包括提供空间构型、提高生物量留存率、增强活性和改善生长环境，这需要结合有机材料和无机材料的优点。最后，还强调了基于ANAMMOX工艺的新型载体的未来应用方向。
