Finlay A Y, Hammond P
Dermatologica. 1986;173(2):79-84. doi: 10.1159/000249223.
The expert system approach to computer diagnosis uses a non-algorithmic method to represent and manipulate an expert's knowledge and reasoning. This information, which may be provided by a dermatologist, is represented by rules in a logic-based computer language in order to provide interactive and explanatory features. The major advantages of using expert system techniques for computer-aided diagnosis in dermatology are that knowledge is made explicit, the heuristic nature of an expert's knowledge can be more easily captured and the more easily readable programs make modification easier. In the example described, the differential diagnosis of nine facial skin tumours was considered. The program, using the language 'micro-PROLOG' in an expert system shell 'APES', consists of 'rules' and 'facts' which define a relationship between patient and symptom, symptom and disease or disease and therapy. The 'strength' of each relationship is defined and 'key symptoms' identified. The system finally offers a diagnosis, an estimate of certainty and simple management advice.
用于计算机诊断的专家系统方法采用非算法方式来表示和运用专家的知识与推理。这些信息（可能由皮肤科医生提供）通过基于逻辑的计算机语言中的规则来表示，以便提供交互和解释功能。在皮肤病学中使用专家系统技术进行计算机辅助诊断的主要优点是知识得以明确呈现，专家知识的启发式特性能够更轻松地被捕捉，而且更易读的程序使修改变得更容易。在所描述的示例中，考虑了九种面部皮肤肿瘤的鉴别诊断。该程序在专家系统外壳“APES”中使用“微型PROLOG”语言，由定义患者与症状、症状与疾病或疾病与治疗之间关系的“规则”和“事实”组成。定义了每种关系的“强度”并确定了“关键症状”。该系统最终提供诊断、确定性估计和简单的管理建议。
