母体益生菌补充可通过改变肠道微生物群来改善哺乳仔猪的免疫和抗氧化功能。

Maternal probiotics supplementation improves immune and antioxidant function in suckling piglets via modifying gut microbiota.

机构信息

Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.

University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

出版信息

J Appl Microbiol. 2022 Aug;133(2):515-528. doi: 10.1111/jam.15572. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

DOI:10.1111/jam.15572

PMID:35396768

Abstract

AIM

Probiotics could improve the health, growth, and development of host or their foetuses/offspring via regulating gut microbiota. The present study was conducted to determine the effects of maternal probiotics supplementation on gut microbiota and metabolites of sows and their suckling piglets, as well as plasma biochemical parameters, oxidative/anti-oxidative indexes, and inflammatory cytokine levels of suckling piglets.

METHODS AND RESULTS

A total of 32 pregnant Bama mini-pigs were selected and randomly divided into two groups. The sows were fed a basal diet (control group) or a basal diet supplemented with probiotics (probiotics group) from mating to day 21 of lactation. Samples from sows were collected on day 105 of pregnancy and day 21 of lactation and from piglets on day 21 of lactation. The results showed that probiotics supplementation increased the faecal abundances of Ruminococcus, Bacteroides, and Anaeroplasma and decreased Tenericutes on day 105 of pregnancy while increased the abundances of Actinobacteria and Anaerostipes and decreased Proteobacteria and Desulfovibrio on day 21 of lactation. In addition, probiotics supplementation decreased the faecal levels of tryptamine, putrescine, and cadaverine on day 105 of pregnancy and isovalerate and skatole on day 21 of lactation while increased butyrate level on day 21 of lactation. Further studies showed that maternal probiotics supplementation decreased the plasma levels of AMM, TC, LDL-C, Ala, Tau, MDA, H O , IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, and IFN-α of suckling piglets. Moreover, maternal probiotics supplementation increased the abundances of Deferribacteres, Fusobacteria, and Fusobacterium while decreased Anaerostipes in piglet's colon. Spearman's correlation analysis revealed a potential link between gut microbiota alterations and their metabolites.

CONCLUSIONS

Dietary probiotics supplementation during pregnancy and lactation periods could improve sow status, alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation response, and improve nutrient metabolism of piglets by altering the gut microbiota.

SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY

The probiotics alter maternal and offspring's gut microbiota involving in offspring's physiological and metabolic changes, and present a new perspective that the effects of gut microbiota changes induced by probiotics supplementation will help in addressing the growth and development and health problem of their foetuses/offspring.

摘要

目的

益生菌可通过调节肠道微生物群来改善宿主或其胎儿/后代的健康、生长和发育。本研究旨在确定母体益生菌补充对母猪及其哺乳仔猪的肠道微生物群和代谢物、以及哺乳仔猪的血浆生化参数、氧化/抗氧化指标和炎症细胞因子水平的影响。

方法和结果

共选择 32 头怀孕的巴马小型猪，随机分为两组。从配种到哺乳期第 21 天，母猪分别饲喂基础日粮（对照组）或基础日粮添加益生菌（益生菌组）。于妊娠第 105 天和哺乳期第 21 天采集母猪样本，于哺乳期第 21 天采集仔猪样本。结果显示，益生菌补充增加了妊娠第 105 天时粪便中 Ruminococcus、Bacteroides 和 Anaeroplasma 的丰度，降低了 Tenericutes 的丰度，而在哺乳期第 21 天增加了 Actinobacteria 和 Anaerostipes 的丰度，降低了 Proteobacteria 和 Desulfovibrio 的丰度。此外，益生菌补充降低了妊娠第 105 天粪便中色胺、腐胺和尸胺以及哺乳期第 21 天粪便中异戊酸和粪臭素的水平，而增加了哺乳期第 21 天的丁酸水平。进一步研究表明，母体益生菌补充降低了哺乳仔猪的血浆 AMM、TC、LDL-C、Ala、Tau、MDA、H₂O₂、IL-1β、IL-2、IL-6 和 IFN-α水平。此外，母体益生菌补充增加了仔猪结肠中 Deferribacteres、Fusobacteria 和 Fusobacterium 的丰度，降低了 Anaerostipes 的丰度。Spearman 相关性分析显示，肠道微生物群改变及其代谢物之间存在潜在联系。