Wang Kai, Kong Xiangfeng, Azad Md Abul Kalam, Zhu Qian, Xiong Liang, Zheng Yuzhong, Hu Zhangli, Yin Yulong, He Qinghua
Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China.
CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021 May 4;2021:6618874. doi: 10.1155/2021/6618874. eCollection 2021.
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of maternal probiotic or synbiotic supplementation during gestation and lactation on antioxidant capacity, mitochondrial function, and intestinal microbiota abundance in offspring weaned piglets. A total of 64 pregnant Bama mini-sows were randomly allocated into the control group (basal diet), antibiotic group (basal diet + 50 g/t virginiamycin), probiotic group (basal diet + 200 mL/d probiotics per pig), or synbiotic group (basal diet + 200 mL/d probiotics per pig + 500 g/t xylo-oligosaccharides). On day 30 of post-weaning, eight piglets per group with average body weight were selected for sample collection. The results showed that maternal probiotic supplementation increased the catalase (CAT) activity in plasma and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in plasma, jejunum, and colon of piglets while decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) and HO concentrations in plasma compared with the control group ( < 0.05). Moreover, maternal synbiotic supplementation increased the plasma CAT activity, jejunal glutathione and GSH-Px activities, jejunal and colonic total antioxidant capacity activity, and plasma and colonic SOD activity while decreased the colonic MDA concentration of offspring piglets compared with the control group ( < 0.05). The mRNA levels of antioxidant enzyme-related genes (copper- and zinc-containing superoxide dismutase, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 1, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) and mitochondrial-related genes (adenosine triphosphate synthase alpha subunit, adenosine triphosphate synthase , and mitochondrial transcription factor A) in the jejunal mucosa were significantly upregulated, while the level of colonic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator-1 was downregulated by maternal synbiotic supplementation ( < 0.05). Maternal probiotic supplementation increased ( < 0.05) the abundance in the jejunum and abundance in the jejunum and colon, and synbiotic supplementation increased ( < 0.05) the abundances of Firmicutes, , , and in the jejunum of piglets. Furthermore, correlation analysis revealed that intestinal microbiota abundances were significantly correlated with antioxidant enzyme activities and mitochondrial-related indexes. These findings indicated that maternal probiotic or synbiotic supplementation might be a promising strategy to improve the antioxidant capacity and mitochondrial function of offspring weaned piglets by altering the intestinal microbiota.
本研究旨在探讨妊娠和哺乳期母体补充益生菌或合生元对断奶仔猪抗氧化能力、线粒体功能和肠道微生物群丰度的影响。将64头巴马小型妊娠母猪随机分为对照组（基础日粮）、抗生素组（基础日粮+50 g/t维吉尼亚霉素）、益生菌组（基础日粮+每头猪每天200 mL益生菌）或合生元组（基础日粮+每头猪每天200 mL益生菌+500 g/t低聚木糖）。在断奶后第30天，每组选择8头平均体重的仔猪进行样本采集。结果表明，与对照组相比，母体补充益生菌可提高仔猪血浆中过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性以及血浆、空肠和结肠中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性，同时降低血浆中丙二醛（MDA）和HO浓度（P<0.05）。此外，与对照组相比，母体补充合生元可提高仔猪血浆CAT活性、空肠谷胱甘肽和GSH-Px活性、空肠和结肠总抗氧化能力活性以及血浆和结肠SOD活性，同时降低后代仔猪结肠MDA浓度（P<0.05）。母体补充合生元可显著上调空肠黏膜中抗氧化酶相关基因（含铜和锌的超氧化物歧化酶、核因子红细胞2相关因子1和核因子红细胞2相关因子2）和线粒体相关基因（三磷酸腺苷合酶α亚基、三磷酸腺苷合酶β和线粒体转录因子A）的mRNA水平，同时下调结肠过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ共激活因子-1水平（P<0.05）。母体补充益生菌可增加空肠中拟杆菌属丰度以及空肠和结肠中双歧杆菌属丰度，补充合生元可增加仔猪空肠中厚壁菌门、拟杆菌属、双歧杆菌属和乳杆菌属的丰度（P<0.05）。此外，相关性分析表明，肠道微生物群丰度与抗氧化酶活性和线粒体相关指标显著相关。这些发现表明，母体补充益生菌或合生元可能是一种通过改变肠道微生物群来提高断奶仔猪后代抗氧化能力和线粒体功能的有前景的策略。
