University of Iowa College of Nursing, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Health Soc Care Community. 2022 Nov;30(6):e4191-e4198. doi: 10.1111/hsc.13813. Epub 2022 Apr 9.
Accelerated resolution therapy (ART) is a psychotherapy for the treatment of prolonged grief disorder (PGD) defined as severe, enduring longing for the lost person. Currently, ART lacks examination of intrapersonal processes, like expectancy, as behavioural mechanisms for action. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to present the findings on participants' treatment expectations of ART for PGD and then discuss potential hypotheses for future testing. This study was a primary qualitative descriptive analysis of prospectively collected interview data (collected 2017-2019) accrued as part of a randomised, wait-list controlled clinical trial in bereaved hospice family caregivers in the United States. The sample included 29 former informal caregivers who were at least 1-year post death of their care recipient. They were primarily female, older (67.4 ± 7.1 years), and a little over half (n = 18) had been married to their care recipient. Thematic analysis resulted in three distinct themes with six sub-themes: The role of knowledge in expectations (sub-themes uncertainty, prior knowledge); The role of personality in expectations (sub-themes openness, positive affect); and Expecting a process (sub-themes cognitive processes, affective processes) which described the interaction of person and process in shaping expectations of our intervention. An across theme analysis of the specificity of the participants' expectations uncovered that knowledge and personality inform expectations of ART and that individuals who verbalise a process for recovery tend to be very specific in their expectations. Three hypotheses for testing are put forward and implications for practice, research and policy discussed.
加速康复治疗（ART）是一种针对延长哀伤障碍（PGD）的心理治疗方法，PGD 被定义为对失去的人严重、持久的渴望。目前，ART 缺乏对内在过程（如期望）的检查，而期望是行为的行动机制。因此，本文的目的是介绍参与者对 ART 治疗 PGD 的治疗期望，并讨论未来检验的潜在假设。本研究是对前瞻性收集的访谈数据（收集于 2017-2019 年）进行的初步定性描述性分析，这些数据是作为美国丧亲 Hospice 家庭照顾者的随机、等待名单对照临床试验的一部分累积的。样本包括 29 名前非正式照顾者，他们在照顾对象去世后至少 1 年。他们主要是女性，年龄较大（67.4±7.1 岁），略多于一半（n=18）与照顾对象结婚。主题分析产生了三个不同的主题和六个子主题：期望中的知识作用（子主题不确定性、先验知识）；期望中的人格作用（子主题开放性、积极影响）；以及期望过程（子主题认知过程、情感过程），这些主题描述了人格和过程在塑造我们干预措施的期望中的相互作用。对参与者期望的具体性进行跨主题分析发现，知识和人格会影响对 ART 的期望，而那些表达出恢复过程的人往往对自己的期望非常具体。提出了三个检验假设，并讨论了对实践、研究和政策的影响。
