College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
Marine Ecology Research Center, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 266061 Qingdao, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Aug 1;832:155118. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155118. Epub 2022 Apr 6.
Emerging contaminants (ECs) and heavy metals (HMs) are universally present together in estuarine sediments; despite this, their effects on microbial communities have been widely studied separately, rather than in consort. In this study, the combined effects of ECs and HMs on microbial communities were investigated in sediments from 11 major river estuaries around the Bohai Sea, China. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes were the dominant phyla in the sediments. Using Shannon indices, total phosphorus and total organic carbon were shown to affect microbial community structure. Redundancy analysis of microbial variation implicated Cd and As as the greatest pollutants, followed by Mn, Fe, Zn and Cu; no impacts from galaxolide (HHCB) and tonalide (AHTN) were found. Correlation analysis demonstrated that the concentration of ECs increased the abundance of certain bacteria (e.g., Haliangium, Altererythrobacter, Gaiella and Erythrobacter), and therefore these can be used as potential contamination indicators. Shannon indices and Chao1 indices showed that there were differences in the richness and diversity of bacterial communities in the sediments of 11 rivers. The principal coordinate analysis displayed higher similarity of bacterial community composition in estuarine sediments in Liaoning province than other regions. The results can be used to predict changes in estuary ecosystems to maintain their ecological balance and health.
新兴污染物 (ECs) 和重金属 (HMs) 在河口沉积物中普遍共存；尽管如此，它们对微生物群落的影响已被广泛研究，但通常是分开研究的，而不是同时研究。本研究调查了中国渤海湾 11 个主要河口沉积物中 ECs 和 HMs 对微生物群落的联合影响。在沉积物中，变形菌门、拟杆菌门和厚壁菌门是主要的门。使用 Shannon 指数表明，总磷和总有机碳会影响微生物群落结构。微生物变异的冗余分析表明，Cd 和 As 是最大的污染物，其次是 Mn、Fe、Zn 和 Cu；HHCB（佳乐麝香）和 AHTN（吐纳麝香）没有影响。相关分析表明，ECs 的浓度增加了某些细菌（如 Haliangium、Altererythrobacter、Gaiella 和 Erythrobacter）的丰度，因此这些细菌可以作为潜在的污染指示物。Shannon 指数和 Chao1 指数表明，11 条河流沉积物中细菌群落的丰富度和多样性存在差异。主坐标分析显示，辽宁省河口沉积物中细菌群落组成的相似性高于其他地区。研究结果可用于预测河口生态系统的变化，以维持其生态平衡和健康。
