瘤胃可降解蛋白与非纤维碳水化合物同步对微生物蛋白合成和奶牛日粮消化率的影响
Synchronization of rumen degradable protein with non-fiber carbohydrate on microbial protein synthesis and dairy ration digestibility.
作者信息
Rosmalia Annisa, Permana Idat Galih, Despal Despal
机构信息
Nutrition and Feed Science Study Program, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia.
Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia.
出版信息
Vet World. 2022 Feb;15(2):252-261. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.252-261. Epub 2022 Feb 5.
BACKGROUND AND AIM
Dairy ration formulations should consider the synchronization of the rumen degradable protein (RDP) to rumen undegradable protein (RUP) ratio (RDPR) with non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC) to achieve optimum microbial protein synthesis (MPS), reduce feed costs, and reduce N excretion to the environment. This study aimed to investigate the effect of RDPR and NFC synchronization on digestibility, fermentability, and MPS.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The experiment used a 3×3 factorial randomized block design with four replications. The first factor was RDPR (RDPR1=50:50; RDPR2=55:45; RDPR3=60:40) and the second factor was NFC levels (NFC1=30%, NFC2=35%, NFC3=40%). The experimental diets were evaluated using a two-stage method. The examined parameters included rumen pH, NH concentration, total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, the molar proportion of VFAs, rumen microbes (protozoa and total bacteria population), and MPS. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, followed by the Duncan test.
RESULTS
The results show that neither RDPR nor NFC affected rumen pH, NH, total VFA, and the rumen microbe population. The interaction between RDPR and NFC affected the molar proportion of acetate, iso-butyrate, and n-valerate. The combination of RDPR1 and NFC1 produced a lower molar proportion of acetate (49.73%) than the other treatment combinations (>54%). The acetate to propionate ratio was influenced by the NFC levels, in which NFC2 and NFC3 produced the highest ratio (p<0.05). MPS was affected by RDPR and NFC, but not by their interaction. Treatments NFC2 and RDPR3 produced the highest MPS. NFC affected the dry matter and organic matter digestibility (DMD and OMD), with treatment NFC3 resulting in the highest DMD and OMD.
CONCLUSION
The combination of a 60:40 RDPR with 35% NFC resulted in the best synchronization of protein and energy available for MPS and digestion activity in the rumen.
背景与目的
奶牛日粮配方应考虑瘤胃可降解蛋白（RDP）与瘤胃不可降解蛋白（RUP）比例（RDPR）与非纤维碳水化合物（NFC）的同步性，以实现最佳微生物蛋白合成（MPS），降低饲料成本，并减少氮向环境中的排泄。本研究旨在探讨RDPR和NFC同步对消化率、发酵性和MPS的影响。
材料与方法
试验采用3×3析因随机区组设计，重复4次。第一个因素是RDPR（RDPR1 = 50:50；RDPR2 = 55:45；RDPR3 = 60:40），第二个因素是NFC水平（NFC1 = 30%，NFC2 = 35%，NFC3 = 40%）。实验日粮采用两阶段法进行评估。检测参数包括瘤胃pH值、NH浓度、总挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）浓度、VFA的摩尔比例、瘤胃微生物（原生动物和细菌总数）以及MPS。数据采用方差分析，随后进行邓肯检验。
结果
结果表明，RDPR和NFC均未影响瘤胃pH值、NH、总VFA和瘤胃微生物数量。RDPR和NFC之间的相互作用影响了乙酸、异丁酸和正戊酸的摩尔比例。RDPR1和NFC1的组合产生的乙酸摩尔比例（49.73%）低于其他处理组合（>54%）。乙酸与丙酸的比例受NFC水平影响，其中NFC2和NFC3产生的比例最高（p<0.05）。MPS受RDPR和NFC影响，但不受它们相互作用的影响。处理NFC2和RDPR3产生最高的MPS。NFC影响干物质和有机物消化率（DMD和OMD），处理NFC3导致最高的DMD和OMD。
结论
60:40的RDPR与35%的NFC组合导致用于MPS和瘤胃消化活性的蛋白质和能量实现最佳同步。
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