Shanker R, Khan D, Hossain R, Islam Md T, Locock K, Ghose A, Sahajwalla V, Schandl H, Dhodapkar R
Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440 020 India.
Centre for Sustainable Materials Research and Technology, SMaRT@UNSW, School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia.
Int J Environ Sci Technol (Tehran). 2023;20(5):5895-5912. doi: 10.1007/s13762-022-04079-x. Epub 2022 Apr 2.
This review article aims to suggest recycling technological options in India and illustrates plastic recycling clusters and reprocessing infrastructure for plastic waste (PW) recycling in India. The study shows that a majority of states in India are engaged in recycling, road construction, and co-processing in cement kilns while reprocessing capabilities among the reprocessors are highest for polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) polymer materials. This review suggests that there are key opportunities for mechanical recycling, chemical recycling, waste-to-energy approaches, and bio-based polymers as an alternative to deliver impact to India's PW problem. On the other hand, overall, polyurethane, nylon, and polyethylene terephthalate appear most competitive for chemical recycling. Compared to conventional fossil fuel energy sources, polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene are the three main polymers with higher calorific values suitable for energy production. Also, multi-sensor-based artificial intelligence and blockchain technology and digitization for PW recycling can prove to be the future for India in the waste flow chain and its management. Overall, for a circular plastic economy in India, there is a necessity for a technology-enabled accountable quality-assured collaborative supply chain of virgin and recycled material.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13762-022-04079-x.
这篇综述文章旨在提出印度的回收技术选择，并阐述印度塑料回收集群以及塑料废物（PW）回收的再加工基础设施。研究表明，印度大多数邦都参与回收、道路建设以及在水泥窑中进行协同处理，而再加工企业中对聚丙烯（PP）和聚乙烯（PE）聚合物材料的再加工能力最高。该综述表明，机械回收、化学回收、废物转化能源方法以及生物基聚合物作为解决印度塑料废物问题的替代方案存在关键机遇。另一方面，总体而言，聚氨酯、尼龙和聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯在化学回收方面似乎最具竞争力。与传统化石燃料能源相比，聚乙烯（PE）、聚丙烯（PP）和聚苯乙烯是三种热值较高、适合用于能源生产的主要聚合物。此外，基于多传感器的人工智能、区块链技术以及塑料废物回收的数字化在印度的废物流链及其管理方面有望成为未来的发展方向。总体而言，对于印度的循环塑料经济而言，需要一个具备技术支持、可问责、质量有保证的原生材料和回收材料协同供应链。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s13762-022-04079-x获取的补充材料。
