Gender Specificity and Local Socioeconomic Influence on Association of fl/d3 Polymorphism With Growth and Metabolism in Children and Adolescents.

OBJECTIVE

Growth hormone receptor () mediates most GH biological actions. This study is aimed to evaluate whether fl/d3 polymorphism contributes to the inter-individual variability of growth and metabolism in healthy children and adolescents.

METHODS

A total of 4,730 students aged 6-16 years from Yixing and Suqian City in China were included in this cross-sectional study. Height and body mass index (BMI) were transformed into the form of z-score corresponding to age and gender. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the associations of fl/d3 polymorphism with height, BMI, metabolic traits, and hypertension by estimating the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

RESULTS

d3 allele was inversely associated with overweight, total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels (OR [95% CI] for overweight: 0.754 [0.593-0.959], = 0.021; OR [95% CI] for TC: 0.744 [0.614-0.902], = 0.003; OR [95% CI] for TG: 0.812 [0.654-0.998], = 0.047). d3 allele was associated with decreased odds of pre-hypertension in boys (OR [95% CI]: 0.791 [0.645-0.971], = 0.025), but associated with increased odds of pre-hypertension and hypertension in girls (ORs [95% CIs]: 1.379 [1.106-1.719], = 0.004; OR [95% CI]: 1.240 [1.013-1.519], = 0.037). Interaction of fl/d3 polymorphism with gender contributed to increased odds of pre-hypertension and hypertension (interactive ORs [95% CIs]: 1.735 [1.214-2.481], = 0.003; OR [95% CI]: 1.509 [1.092-2.086], = 0.013). Stratification analysis showed that the correlation tendencies of fl/d3 polymorphism and BMI with age were different between two cities with discrepant economic development levels.

CONCLUSION

fl/d3 polymorphism is associated with growth, metabolism, and hypertension in children and adolescents with the gender specificity, and the genetic effect of fl/d3 may be modified by the local socioeconomic levels.