Fischer Claire-Elise, Pemonge Marie-Hélène, Ducoussau Isaure, Arzelier Ana, Rivollat Maïté, Santos Frederic, Barrand Emam Hélène, Bertaud Alexandre, Beylier Alexandre, Ciesielski Elsa, Dedet Bernard, Desenne Sophie, Duday Henri, Chenal Fanny, Gailledrat Eric, Goepfert Sébastien, Gorgé Olivier, Gorgues Alexis, Kuhnle Gertrud, Lambach François, Lefort Anthony, Mauduit Amandine, Maziere Florent, Oudry Sophie, Paresys Cécile, Pinard Estelle, Plouin Suzanne, Richard Isabelle, Roth-Zehner Muriel, Roure Réjane, Thevenet Corinne, Thomas Yohann, Rottier Stéphane, Deguilloux Marie-France, Pruvost Mélanie
UMR 5199 PACEA, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, 33615 Pessac, France.
Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institue for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
iScience. 2022 Mar 16;25(4):104094. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104094. eCollection 2022 Apr 15.
The Iron Age period occupies an important place in French history because the Gauls are regularly presented as the direct ancestors of the extant French population. We documented here the genomic diversity of Iron Age communities originating from six French regions. The 49 acquired genomes permitted us to highlight an absence of discontinuity between Bronze Age and Iron Age groups in France, lending support to a cultural transition linked to progressive local economic changes rather than to a massive influx of allochthone groups. Genomic analyses revealed strong genetic homogeneity among the regional groups associated with distinct archaeological cultures. This genomic homogenization appears to be linked to individuals' mobility between regions and gene flow with neighbouring groups from England and Spain. Thus, the results globally support a common genomic legacy for the Iron Age population of modern-day France that could be linked to recurrent gene flow between culturally differentiated communities.
铁器时代在法国历史上占据重要地位，因为高卢人常被视为现代法国人口的直系祖先。我们在此记录了来自法国六个地区的铁器时代社群的基因组多样性。这49个获得的基因组使我们得以凸显法国青铜时代和铁器时代群体之间不存在间断性，这支持了一种与当地经济渐进变化相关的文化转变，而非外来群体的大量涌入。基因组分析揭示，与不同考古文化相关的区域群体之间存在很强的遗传同质性。这种基因组同质化似乎与个体在不同地区之间的流动以及与来自英格兰和西班牙的相邻群体的基因流动有关。因此，这些结果总体上支持了现代法国铁器时代人口拥有共同基因组遗产的观点，这可能与文化上有差异的社群之间反复的基因流动有关。
