Sunakawa K, Ishizuka Y, Iwata S, Sato Y, Oikawa T
Jpn J Antibiot. 1986 Aug;39(8):2097-107.
Pharmacokinetics and clinical efficacy of ceftazidime (CAZ) were evaluated in neonates. The results obtained are summarized below. After a bolus intravenous injection of 20 mg/kg CAZ to neonates, peak serum concentrations ranged 55.1-97.4 micrograms/ml with the mean half-life of 2.26 hours in neonates with birth weight of 2,500 g or more, and 59.3-60.7 micrograms/ml with half-lives ranging from 3.98 to 4.22 hours in neonates weighing less than 2,500 g at birth. In the time-course observation, it was noted that the half-life at 2 days after birth was longer than half-lives observed on 4 and 9 days after birth. Four cases were given CAZ for treatment, and 3 cases for prophylaxis of infections, and the clinical efficacy was either excellent or good in all of the cases. Neither adverse effects nor abnormal laboratory findings were observed except rash in 1 case. Intestinal flora was examined in 5 cases. It was found that the effect of CAZ was less than that of LMOX, although some delay was seen in the growth of intestinal flora. There was no vitamin K deficiency in any of 6 cases examined.
对新生儿头孢他啶（CAZ）的药代动力学和临床疗效进行了评估。获得的结果总结如下。对新生儿静脉推注20mg/kg CAZ后，出生体重2500g及以上的新生儿血清峰值浓度范围为55.1 - 97.4μg/ml，平均半衰期为2.26小时；出生时体重不足2500g的新生儿血清峰值浓度为59.3 - 60.7μg/ml，半衰期为3.98至4.22小时。在时间进程观察中，注意到出生后2天的半衰期长于出生后4天和9天观察到的半衰期。4例接受CAZ治疗，3例用于预防感染，所有病例的临床疗效均为优或良。除1例出现皮疹外，未观察到不良反应或实验室检查异常。对5例进行了肠道菌群检查。发现CAZ的作用小于LMOX，尽管肠道菌群生长出现了一些延迟。在检查的6例中均未发现维生素K缺乏。
