Zhou Xiaoli, Zhu Liyao, Yang Yue, Xu Lijie, Qian Xiujuan, Zhou Jie, Dong Weiliang, Jiang Min
College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu South Road, Nanjing, 211816, PR China.
College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu South Road, Nanjing, 211816, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China.
Chemosphere. 2022 Aug;300:134552. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134552. Epub 2022 Apr 8.
Confronted with the environmental pollution and energy crisis issues, upcycling of waste plastics for energy-storage applications has attracted broad interest. Polyurethane (PUR) is a potential candidate for the preparation of N-doped carbon materials. However, its low carbon yield limits the utilization of PUR waste. In this study, PUR foam was converted into N-doped hierarchical porous carbon (NHPC) through an autogenic atmosphere pyrolysis (AAP)-KOH activation approach. An ultra-high carbon yield of 55.0% was achieved through AAP, which is more than 17 times the carbon yield of conventional pyrolysis of PUR. AAP converted 83.2% of C and 61.0% of N in PUR into derived carbon material. The high conversion rate and self-doping effect can increase the environmental and economic benefits of this approach. KOH activation significantly increased the specific surface area of carbon materials to 2057 m g and incorporated hierarchical porous structure and O-containing functional groups to the carbon materials. The obtained NHPCs were applied to improve the performance of supercapacitors. The electrochemical measurement revealed that NHPCs exhibited a high specific capacitance of 342 F g (133 F cm) at 0.5 A g, low resistance, and outstanding cycling stability. The energy density and power density of the supercapacitor were improved to 11.3 W h kg and 250 W kg, respectively. This research developed a possible solution to plastic pollution and energy shortage.
面对环境污染和能源危机问题，将废弃塑料升级循环用于储能应用已引起广泛关注。聚氨酯（PUR）是制备氮掺杂碳材料的潜在候选材料。然而，其低碳产率限制了PUR废料的利用。在本研究中，通过自生气氛热解（AAP）-KOH活化法将PUR泡沫转化为氮掺杂分级多孔碳（NHPC）。通过AAP实现了55.0%的超高碳产率，这是PUR传统热解碳产率的17倍多。AAP将PUR中83.2%的C和61.0%的N转化为衍生碳材料。高转化率和自掺杂效应可提高该方法的环境和经济效益。KOH活化显著提高了碳材料的比表面积至2057 m²/g，并使碳材料具有分级多孔结构和含O官能团。将所得的NHPCs应用于改善超级电容器的性能。电化学测试表明，NHPCs在0.5 A/g时表现出342 F/g（133 F/cm²）的高比电容、低电阻和出色的循环稳定性。超级电容器的能量密度和功率密度分别提高到11.3 W h/kg和250 W/kg。本研究为塑料污染和能源短缺问题开发了一种可能的解决方案。
