Jentzsch Maximilian, Becker Sarah, Thielen Marc, Speck Thomas
Plant Biomechanics Group, Faculty of Biology, Botanic Garden, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Apr 5;11(7):991. doi: 10.3390/plants11070991.
This study analyzes the impact behavior of lemon peel ( × ) and investigates its functional morphology compared with the anatomy of pomelo peel (). Both fruit peels consist mainly of parenchyma structured by a density gradient. In order to characterize the lemon peel, both energy dissipation and transmitted force are determined by conducting drop weight tests at different impact strengths (0.15-0.74 J). Fresh and freeze-dried samples were used to investigate the influence on the mechanics of peel tissue's water content. The samples of lemon peel dissipate significantly more kinetic energy in the freeze-dried state than in the fresh state. Fresh lemon samples experience a higher impulse than freeze-dried samples at the same momentum. Drop weight tests results show that fresh lemon samples have a significantly longer impact duration and lower transmitted force than freeze-dried samples. With higher impact energy (0.74 J) the impact behavior becomes more plastic, and a greater fraction of the kinetic energy is dissipated. Lemon peel has pronounced energy dissipation properties, even though the peel is relatively thin and lemon fruits are comparably light. The cell arrangement of citrus peel tissue can serve as a model for bio-inspired, functional graded materials in technical foams with high energy dissipation.
本研究分析了柠檬皮（×）的冲击行为，并与柚子皮（）的解剖结构相比，研究了其功能形态。两种果皮主要由具有密度梯度结构的薄壁组织组成。为了表征柠檬皮，通过在不同冲击强度（0.15 - 0.74焦耳）下进行落锤试验来确定能量耗散和传递力。使用新鲜和冻干的样品来研究果皮组织含水量对力学性能的影响。柠檬皮样品在冻干状态下比新鲜状态下消散的动能明显更多。在相同动量下，新鲜柠檬样品比冻干样品承受更高的冲量。落锤试验结果表明，新鲜柠檬样品的冲击持续时间明显比冻干样品长，传递力更低。随着冲击能量增加（0.74焦耳），冲击行为变得更具塑性，更多的动能被耗散。尽管柠檬皮相对较薄且柠檬果实相对较轻，但柠檬皮具有显著的能量耗散特性。柑橘类果皮组织的细胞排列可作为具有高能量耗散的技术泡沫中受生物启发的功能梯度材料的模型。
