Pelekhan Bohdan, Dutkiewicz Maciej, Shatskyi Ivan, Velychkovych Andrii, Rozhko Mykola, Pelekhan Liubomyr
Department of Dentistry of Postgraduate Study Faculty, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Halytska Str. 2, 76018 Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine.
Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Kaliskiego 7, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2022 Mar 24;15(7):2398. doi: 10.3390/ma15072398.
Today, an interdisciplinary approach to solving the problems of implantology is key to the effective use of intraosseous dental implantations. The functional properties of restoration structures for the dentition depend significantly on the mechanical stresses that occur in the structural elements and bone tissues in response to mastication loads. An orthopedic design with a bar fixation system connected to implants may be considered to restore an edentulous mandible using an overdenture. In this study, the problem of the mechanics of a complete overdenture based on a bar and four implants was formulated. A mathematical model of the interaction between the orthopedic structure and jawbone was developed, and a methodology was established for the analytical study of the stress state of the implants and adjacent bone tissue under the action of a chewing load. The novelty of the proposed model is that it operates with the minimum possible set of input data and provides adequate estimates of the most significant output parameters that are necessary for practical application. The obtained analytical results are illustrated by two examples of calculating the equivalent stresses in implants and the peri-implant tissue for real overdenture designs. To carry out the final assessment of the strength of the implants and bone, the prosthesis was loaded with mastication loads of different localization. In particular, the possibilities of loading the prosthesis in the area of the sixth and seventh teeth were investigated. Recommendations on the configuration of the distal cantilever of the overdenture and the acceptable level and distribution of the mastication load are presented. It was determined that, from a mechanical point of view, the considered orthopedic systems are capable of providing long-term success if they are used in accordance with established restrictions and recommendations.
如今，采用跨学科方法解决种植学问题是有效应用骨内牙种植术的关键。牙列修复结构的功能特性在很大程度上取决于结构元件和骨组织在咀嚼负荷作用下产生的机械应力。一种带有连接种植体的杆固定系统的矫形设计可被视为使用覆盖义齿修复无牙下颌骨。在本研究中，提出了基于杆和四个种植体的全口覆盖义齿力学问题。建立了矫形结构与颌骨相互作用的数学模型，并确立了一种方法，用于分析研究咀嚼负荷作用下种植体和相邻骨组织的应力状态。所提出模型的新颖之处在于它以尽可能少的输入数据集进行运算，并能对实际应用所需的最重要输出参数提供充分估计。通过两个实际覆盖义齿设计中计算种植体和种植体周围组织等效应力的例子，对所获得的分析结果进行了说明。为了对种植体和骨的强度进行最终评估，对义齿施加了不同定位的咀嚼负荷。特别是，研究了在第六和第七颗牙区域加载义齿的可能性。给出了关于覆盖义齿远端悬臂的构型以及咀嚼负荷的可接受水平和分布的建议。结果表明，从力学角度来看，如果按照既定的限制和建议使用，所考虑的矫形系统能够实现长期成功。
