Forbes J A, Jones K F, Smith W K, Gongloff C M
Pharmacotherapy. 1986 Sep-Oct;6(5):240-7. doi: 10.1002/j.1875-9114.1986.tb03483.x.
The efficacy of an aspirin-caffeine-codeine-butalbital combination was compared to an acetaminophen-codeine combination and placebo in outpatients who had moderate or severe pain after the surgical removal of impacted third molars. Using a self-rating record, patients rated their pain, relief, anxiety and relaxation hourly for up to 6 hours after medicating. Each active medication was significantly superior to placebo for measures of analgesia and relaxation. Although the butalbital-containing combination provided consistently greater analgesia, the differences between active medications were not statistically significant. The acetaminophen-codeine combination significantly reduced anxiety; however, the butalbital containing combination did not. The results of this study suggest that female patients may have greater efficacy than male patients. All adverse effects were transitory and consistent with the known pharmacologic profiles of the study medications or the backup analgesic.
在拔除阻生第三磨牙后出现中度或重度疼痛的门诊患者中，对阿司匹林-咖啡因-可待因-布他比妥组合与对乙酰氨基酚-可待因组合及安慰剂的疗效进行了比较。患者使用自评记录，在用药后长达6小时内每小时对疼痛、缓解情况、焦虑和放松程度进行评分。每种活性药物在镇痛和放松方面的测量结果均显著优于安慰剂。尽管含布他比妥的组合始终提供更强的镇痛效果，但活性药物之间的差异无统计学意义。对乙酰氨基酚-可待因组合显著降低了焦虑；然而，含布他比妥的组合则没有。这项研究的结果表明，女性患者可能比男性患者疗效更佳。所有不良反应都是暂时的，与研究药物或备用镇痛药已知的药理学特征一致。
