Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Ordine Mauriziano Hospital, 10128 Turin, Italy.
Gynecology and Obstetrics 1, Department of Surgical Sciences, City of Health and Science, University of Turin, 10100 Turin, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Mar 24;23(7):3559. doi: 10.3390/ijms23073559.
The prognosis of invasive cervical cancer (CC) remains poor, with a treatment approach that has remained the same for several decades. Lately, a better understanding of the interactions between the disease and the host immune system has allowed researchers to focus on the employment of immune therapy in various clinical settings. The most advanced strategy is immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) with numerous phase II and III trials recently concluded with very encouraging results, assessing single agent therapy, combinations with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Apart from ICIs, several other compounds have gained the spotlight. Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs) due to their highly selective tumoricidal effect and manageable adverse effect profile have received the FDA's Breakthrough Therapy designation in 2019. The antibody drug conjugate (ADC) Tisotumab-Vedotin has shown activity in metastatic CC relapsed after at least one line of chemotherapy, with a phase III trial currently actively enrolling patients. Moreover, the deeper understanding of the ever-changing immune landscape of CC carcinogenesis has resulted in the development of active therapeutic vaccines. This review highlights the different immunotherapeutic strategies being explored reflects on what role immunotherapy might have in therapeutic algorithms of CC and addresses the role of predictive biomarkers.
浸润性宫颈癌 (CC) 的预后仍然较差，其治疗方法几十年来一直没有改变。最近，人们对疾病与宿主免疫系统之间相互作用的认识有了更深的理解，这使得研究人员能够专注于在各种临床环境中使用免疫疗法。最先进的策略是免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI)，最近有许多 II 期和 III 期试验得出了非常令人鼓舞的结果，评估了单药治疗、与化疗和放疗的联合治疗。除了 ICI 之外，还有其他几种化合物也引起了关注。肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞 (TILs) 由于其高度选择性的杀瘤作用和可管理的不良作用谱，于 2019 年获得了 FDA 的突破性治疗指定。抗体药物偶联物 (ADC)Tisotumab-Vedotin 在至少一线化疗后复发的转移性 CC 中显示出活性，目前正在积极招募患者进行 III 期试验。此外，对 CC 癌变中不断变化的免疫景观的更深入了解导致了积极的治疗性疫苗的发展。这篇综述强调了正在探索的不同免疫治疗策略，探讨了免疫疗法在 CC 治疗算法中的作用，并讨论了预测生物标志物的作用。
