Faculty of Management, Warsaw University of Technology, 02-524 Warsaw, Poland.
Institute of World Economy, Warsaw School of Economics, 02-554 Warsaw, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Mar 27;19(7):3973. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19073973.
The COVID-19 pandemic has had two main consequences for the organization of treatment in primary healthcare: restricted patients' access to medical facilities and limited social mobility. In turn, these consequences pose a great challenge for patients and healthcare providers, i.e., the limited personal contact with medical professionals. This can be eased by new digital technology. While providing solutions to many problems, this technology poses several organizational challenges for healthcare system participants. As the current global situation and the outbreak of the humanitarian crisis in Europe show, these and other likely emergencies amplify the need to learn the lessons and prepare organizations for exceptional rapid changes. Therefore, a question arises of whether organizations are ready to use modern e-health solutions in the context of a rapidly and radically changing situation, and how this readiness can be verified. The aim of this article is to clarify the organizational e-heath readiness concept of Polish primary healthcare units. This study employs the triangulation of analytical methods, as it uses: (i) a literature review of e-health readiness assessment, (ii) primary data obtained with a survey (random sampling of 371 managers of PHC facilities across Poland) and (iii) the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method, employed to estimate the structural model. The evaluation of the model revealed that its concept was adequate for more mature entities that focus on the patient- and employee-oriented purpose of digitization, and on assuring excellent experience derived from a consistent care process. In the context of patients' restricted access to medical facilities and limited social mobility, a simpler version of the research model assesses the readiness more adequately. Finally, the study increases the knowledge base of assets (resources and capabilities), which will help healthcare systems better understand the challenges surrounding the adoption and scaling of e-health technologies.
新冠疫情对基层医疗保健的治疗组织产生了两个主要影响：限制了患者获得医疗设施的机会和限制了社会流动性。反过来，这些后果给患者和医疗保健提供者带来了巨大的挑战，即与医疗专业人员的个人接触有限。新的数字技术可以缓解这一问题。虽然为许多问题提供了解决方案，但这项技术也给医疗保健系统参与者带来了一些组织挑战。如当前的全球形势和欧洲人道主义危机的爆发所表明的那样，这些挑战以及其他可能的紧急情况凸显了需要吸取教训并为组织做好应对特殊快速变化的准备。因此，出现了一个问题，即组织是否准备好在快速和彻底变化的情况下使用现代电子医疗解决方案，以及如何验证这种准备情况。本文的目的是阐明波兰基层医疗保健单位的组织电子健康准备概念。本研究采用了分析方法的三角测量，因为它使用了：（i）电子健康准备评估的文献综述，（ii）通过调查获得的原始数据（对波兰各地 371 名基层医疗设施管理人员进行随机抽样），以及（iii）偏最小二乘结构方程建模（PLS-SEM）方法，用于估计结构模型。对模型的评估表明，该概念适用于更成熟的实体，这些实体专注于以患者和员工为导向的数字化目的，以及确保从一致的护理过程中获得卓越的体验。在患者获得医疗设施的机会受限和社会流动性有限的情况下，更简单的研究模型版本更能准确评估准备情况。最后，该研究增加了资产（资源和能力）知识库，这将有助于医疗保健系统更好地理解围绕电子医疗技术采用和扩展的挑战。
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