Genetics, Vaccines and Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago and Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
WHO Collaborating Centre for Vaccine Safety, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Mar 29;19(7):4039. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19074039.
Investigating vaccine effectiveness (VE) in real-world conditions is crucial, especially its variation across different settings and populations. We undertook a test-negative control study in Galicia (Northwest Spain) to assess BNT162b2 effectiveness against acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection as well as COVID-19 associated hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mortality. A total of 44,401 positive and 817,025 negative SARS-CoV-2 test results belonging to adults were included. Adjusted odds ratios of vaccination and their 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using multivariate logistic-regression models. BNT162b2 showed high effectiveness in reducing SARS-CoV-2 infections in all age categories, reaching maximum VE ≥ 14 days after administering the second dose [18-64 years: VE = 92.9% (95%CI: 90.2-95.1); 65-79 years: VE = 85.8% (95%CI: 77.3-91.9), and ≥80 years: VE = 91.4% (95%CI: 87.9-94.1)]. BNT162b2 also demonstrated effectiveness in preventing COVID-19 hospitalization for all age categories, with VE more pronounced for those aged ≥80 years [VE = 60.0% (95%CI: 49.4-68.3)]. Moreover, there was a considerable reduction in ICU admission [VE = 88.0% (95%CI: 74.6-95.8)] and mortality [VE = 38.0% (95%CI: 15.9-55.4)] in the overall population. BNT162b2 showed substantial protection against SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 severity. Our findings would prove useful for systematic reviews and meta-analysis on COVID-19 VE.
在真实环境中研究疫苗有效性（VE）至关重要，特别是其在不同环境和人群中的变化。我们在加利西亚（西班牙西北部）进行了一项病例对照研究，以评估 BNT162b2 对急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）感染以及 COVID-19 相关住院、重症监护病房（ICU）入院和死亡的效果。共纳入了 44401 例 SARS-CoV-2 阳性和 817025 例 SARS-CoV-2 阴性成人检测结果。使用多变量逻辑回归模型估计了疫苗接种的调整后比值比及其 95%置信区间（CI）。BNT162b2 在所有年龄段均显示出对 SARS-CoV-2 感染的高有效性，在接种第二剂后 14 天内达到最大 VE≥92.9%（95%CI：90.2-95.1）；65-79 岁：VE=85.8%（95%CI：77.3-91.9），≥80 岁：VE=91.4%（95%CI：87.9-94.1）]。BNT162b2 还在所有年龄段均显示出预防 COVID-19 住院的效果，≥80 岁的人群效果更为显著[VE=60.0%（95%CI：49.4-68.3）]。此外，ICU 入院率[VE=88.0%（95%CI：74.6-95.8）]和死亡率[VE=38.0%（95%CI：15.9-55.4）]均显著降低。BNT162b2 对 SARS-CoV-2 感染和 COVID-19 严重程度有很大的保护作用。我们的研究结果将有助于 COVID-19 VE 的系统评价和荟萃分析。
