Toft Helge, Bramness Jørgen G, Lien Lars
Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Concurrent Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway.
Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway.
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2022 Apr 5;18:737-747. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S357797. eCollection 2022.
Patients with combined depression symptoms and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often exhibit high levels of circulating inflammatory biomarkers as either a cause or consequence of their disease. We aimed to investigate how cytokines and depression symptoms develop with one-year follow-up and compare them with non-PTSD patients.
The study had a longitudinal design with one-year follow-up measurements in an inpatient treatment setting at a psychiatric center in Norway. PTSD diagnoses were set using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). The first three measurements were at baseline (T), halfway (T) and at discharge (T) from a 12-week main stay, followed by a final measurement one year after discharge (T). Serum blood samples were collected on all four occasions. The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) was administered at T, T and T.
Levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in PTSD patients were higher than in patients without PTSD at T (p = 0.005 and 0.042). The PTSD patients had a higher average level of IL-10 across all four measurements (B = 1.62, Standard Error (SE) = 0.78, p = 0.037). The IL-10 levels in PTSD patients declined from T to T (p = 0.039). The PTSD patients were more depressed than non-PTSD patients at T (p = 0.019).
The levels of IL-10 and IL-6 in PTSD patients more closely resembled the levels in non-PTSD patients at one-year follow-up, despite level of depression being unchanged in the PTSD patients. This calls into question the close relationship between level of circulating cytokines and depressive symptoms, at least in PTSD patients. Further research is needed to investigate what appears to be a complex relationship between immune markers and depression in patients with PTSD.
患有抑郁症状和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的患者，其循环炎症生物标志物水平通常较高，这可能是其疾病的原因或结果。我们旨在研究细胞因子和抑郁症状在一年随访期间如何发展，并将其与非PTSD患者进行比较。
本研究采用纵向设计，在挪威一家精神病中心的住院治疗环境中进行为期一年的随访测量。使用迷你国际神经精神访谈（MINI）进行PTSD诊断。前三次测量分别在基线（T1）、12周主要住院期的中途（T2）和出院时（T3）进行，随后在出院一年后进行最后一次测量（T4）。在所有这四次测量时均采集血清血样。在T1、T2和T3时使用贝克抑郁量表第二版（BDI-II）进行评估。
在T1时，PTSD患者的白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和白细胞介素-10（IL-10）水平高于无PTSD的患者（p = 0.005和0.042）。在所有四次测量中，PTSD患者的IL-10平均水平较高（B = 1.62，标准误（SE）= 0.78，p = 0.037）。PTSD患者的IL-10水平从T1到T3下降（p = 0.039）。在T1时，PTSD患者比非PTSD患者更抑郁（p = 0.019）。
尽管PTSD患者的抑郁程度没有变化，但在一年随访时，PTSD患者的IL-10和IL-6水平更接近非PTSD患者的水平。这至少在PTSD患者中对循环细胞因子水平与抑郁症状之间的密切关系提出了质疑。需要进一步研究来调查PTSD患者免疫标志物与抑郁之间看似复杂的关系。
