PG and Research Department of Zoology, Sri Vasavi College, Erode, Tamil Nadu 638 316, India.
Group of Fermentation and Distillation, Laimburg Research Center, Laimburg 6, I-39040 Post Auer (BZ), Italy; Division of Food Production and Society, Biomarine Resource Valorisation, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Torggården, Kudalsveien 6, NO-8027 Bodø, Norway.
Carbohydr Polym. 2022 Jul 1;287:119349. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119349. Epub 2022 Mar 13.
Chitin is one of the most diverse and naturally occurring biopolymers, and it is mainly present in crustaceans, insects, and fungi. Chitosan is derived from chitin by deacetylation process. It is important to note that the conventional chemical method of extracting chitin includes disadvantages and it poses various environmental issues. Recently, the green extraction techniques have perceived substantial development in the field of polymer chemistry. A variety of methods have been successfully developed using green extraction techniques for extracting chitin and chitosan from various resources. It includes the use of ionic liquids (ILs), deep eutectic solvents (DES), microbial fermentation, enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE), subcritical water extraction (SWE), and electrochemical extraction (ECE). In this review, the extraction of chitin and chitosan using greener approaches were summarized. In addition, challenges, opportunities and future perspectives of green extraction methods have also been narrated.
几丁质是一种最多样化和天然存在的生物聚合物，主要存在于甲壳类动物、昆虫和真菌中。壳聚糖是通过脱乙酰过程从几丁质中提取的。需要注意的是，传统的化学提取几丁质的方法存在缺点，并带来各种环境问题。最近，绿色提取技术在聚合物化学领域得到了长足的发展。已经成功开发了多种使用绿色提取技术从各种资源中提取几丁质和壳聚糖的方法。其中包括使用离子液体（ILs）、深共晶溶剂（DES）、微生物发酵、酶辅助提取（EAE）、微波辅助提取（MAE）、超声波辅助提取（UAE）、亚临界水提取（SWE）和电化学提取（ECE）。在这篇综述中，总结了使用更环保的方法提取几丁质和壳聚糖。此外，还讲述了绿色提取方法的挑战、机遇和未来展望。
