Acheson Ashley, Vincent Andrea S, Cohoon Andrew J, Lovallo William R
Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States.
Cognitive Science Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States.
Addict Behav Rep. 2021 Dec 21;15:100401. doi: 10.1016/j.abrep.2021.100401. eCollection 2022 Jun.
Individuals with a family history of alcohol and other substance use disorders (FH+) are several times more likely to develop alcohol problems compared to individuals with no such family histories (FH-). Here we sought to evaluate associations of early life adversity (ELA) with two key risk-related FH+ phenotypic characteristics: increased antisocial and depressive tendencies.
We examined data from 1187 FH+ and FH- young adults (average age 23.6 years old) with and without personal histories of substance use disorders. Antisocial tendencies were evaluated with the Socialization scale of the California Personality Inventory (CPI-So), while depressive tendencies were evaluated with the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI).
In general, being FH+, having a personal substance use disorder history, and experiencing greater levels of ELA were associated with lower CPI-So scores (indicating more antisocial tendencies) and higher BDI scores (indicating more depressive tendencies).
These results suggest that ELA is linked to increased antisocial and depressive tendencies observed in FH+ persons. Given that FH+ individuals are disproportionately exposed to ELA, this increased exposure may be a major contributor to these and other risk-related characteristics commonly present in FH+ individuals. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the impact of ELA on risk-related phenotypic characteristics, including prospective studies in early childhood and mechanistic studies evaluating pathways by which ELA exerts its effects on FH phenotypic characteristics.
有酒精及其他物质使用障碍家族史的个体（FH+）相较于无此类家族史的个体（FH-），出现酒精问题的可能性要高出数倍。在此，我们试图评估早年逆境（ELA）与两个关键的与风险相关的FH+表型特征之间的关联：反社会倾向和抑郁倾向增加。
我们研究了1187名有或无物质使用障碍个人史的FH+和FH-年轻成年人（平均年龄23.6岁）的数据。使用加利福尼亚人格问卷（CPI-So）的社会化量表评估反社会倾向，使用贝克抑郁量表第二版（BDI）评估抑郁倾向。
总体而言，FH+、有个人物质使用障碍史以及经历更高水平的ELA与较低的CPI-So得分（表明更多反社会倾向）和较高的BDI得分（表明更多抑郁倾向）相关。
这些结果表明，ELA与FH+个体中观察到的反社会和抑郁倾向增加有关。鉴于FH+个体不成比例地暴露于ELA，这种增加的暴露可能是FH+个体中常见的这些及其他与风险相关特征的主要促成因素。需要进一步的研究来评估ELA对与风险相关的表型特征的影响，包括对幼儿的前瞻性研究以及评估ELA对FH表型特征产生影响的途径的机制研究。
