D.Y. Patil Medical College, Kolhapur.
J Assoc Physicians India. 2022 Apr;70(4):11-12.
Hypothyroidism is a common disease with a prevalence rate of 11% in India. It effects all organ systems in the body. Patients with hypothyroidism frequently have symptoms of fatigue and exercise intolerance. These symptoms could rise from a reduced pulmonary reserve, cardiac reserve or reduced muscle strength or increased muscle fatigue. There are very few studies done in the past to evaluate effect of thyroid disorder on pulmonary function. So, this study is focused on estimating effects of hypothyroidism on pulmonary function of affected individual Material and Aim: To study pulmonary functions using spirometry in hypothyroidism patients.
To assess correlation of pulmonary functions with age of patient, BMI values, duration of hypothyroidism and Serum TSH levels.
After getting approval from institutional ethics committee, total of 50 patients with hypothyroidism were studied for their Pulmonary function using spirometry. Adults who are below the age of 80 years and who gave valid, informed consent with history of hypothyroidism were included in the study. Patients who are having conditions that can compromise the lung functions like chronic pulmonary diseases, interstitial lung diseases are excluded from the study. The Spiro metric parameters that were recorded for analysis were: Forced vital capacity (FVC), Forced expiratory volume in 1st second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), Forced expiratory flow 25%-75% (FEF25%-75%). The data is entered in Excel sheet and analyzed.
Out of the total 50 patients studied, results showed that 4% (2) of hypothyroid patients were having moderate restrictive pattern, 20% (10) patients were having mild restrictive pattern and 76% (38) of the patients showed normal spiro metric parameters. People with Serum TSH within normal range showed normal spiro metric parameters. Both FVC, FEV1 were decreased in patients with raised serum TSH. These observations correlate with restrictive type of lung disease. FVC and FEV1 are showing strong correlation with serum TSH, duration of hypothyroidism and BMI.
Findings of this study are consistent with restrictive type of lung disease in hypothyroidism patients. Hypothyroidism compromises the pulmonary function of affected individuals to variable degree depending on duration of disease and higher levels of TSH and BMI. Therefore, all hypothyroid patients should be screened for abnormalities of pulmonary functions. All patients with impaired pulmonary functions must be screened for thyroid function tests to detect and prevent adverse outcomes.
使用肺量计研究甲状腺功能减退症患者的肺功能。
在获得机构伦理委员会的批准后，对 50 名甲状腺功能减退症患者进行了肺功能研究。该研究纳入了年龄在 80 岁以下、有甲状腺功能减退症病史、并提供有效知情同意的成年人。患有可影响肺功能的疾病（如慢性肺部疾病、间质性肺病）的患者被排除在研究之外。记录并分析了用于分析的肺量计参数：用力肺活量（FVC）、第一秒用力呼气量（FEV1）、FEV1/FVC、呼气峰流量（PEFR）、25%-75%用力呼气量（FEF25%-75%）。将数据输入 Excel 工作表并进行分析。
在研究的 50 名患者中，有 4%（2 名）甲状腺功能减退症患者存在中度限制模式，20%（10 名）患者存在轻度限制模式，76%（38 名）患者的肺量计参数正常。血清 TSH 正常范围内的患者肺量计参数正常。血清 TSH 升高的患者 FVC 和 FEV1 均降低。这些观察结果与限制性肺疾病类型相关。FVC 和 FEV1 与血清 TSH、甲状腺功能减退症的持续时间和 BMI 呈强相关。
本研究的结果与甲状腺功能减退症患者的限制性肺疾病类型一致。甲状腺功能减退症会根据疾病持续时间和 TSH 及 BMI 水平的高低，对受影响个体的肺功能造成不同程度的损害。因此，所有甲状腺功能减退症患者都应进行肺功能异常筛查。所有肺功能受损的患者都必须进行甲状腺功能检查，以发现和预防不良后果。
