Blood Pressure Monitoring in Normotensive Type - 2 Diabetics Using 24 hr Blood Pressure Monitoring Device and its Relationship with Anthropometric Measurements: A One Year Hospital Based Cross Sectional Study.

UNLABELLED

Systemic Hypertension (HTN) is one of the most common co-morbidities in Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Because of the drawbacks of office blood pressure monitoring, it has been suggested that ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) be used for hypertension assessment. The sensitivity of Clinic/Office monitoring of BP to predict hypertension-associated organ damage is less. Hence the present study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of hypertension in normotensive type 2 diabetic patients by using a 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure machine and also to assess the relationship between blood pressure patterns and anthropometric measurements in overweight and obese type 2 diabetic patients.

MATERIAL

A 1 year cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted on 162 people, attending a tertiary care institute over the age of 18, who had type 2 diabetes and a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 25 to 40 kg/m2 (Asian cut-off > 23 kg/m2). All subjects underwent a standardized medical examination including anthropometric measurements, laboratory investigations and 24 hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Descriptive analysis was carried out by mean and standard deviation for quantitative variables, frequency, and proportion for categorical variables. P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

OBSERVATION

The mean age was 60.65 ± 11.46 years. Majority were males (62.35%). The mean BMI was 28.31 ± 2.15 kg/m2. The mean all day SBP was 133.66 ± 13.53 mm/ hg while the mean all day DBP was 76.45 ± 10.99 mm/hg. The prevalence of HTN as measured by all day SBP was 77.78% while it was 42.59% for all day DBP. Systolic non dipping was seen in 93.39% of overweight and 90.24% of obese subjects as classified by BMI, respectively. Diastolic non-dipping was seen in 76.86% of overweight and 73.17% of obese subjects as classified by BMI, respectively. There was a statistically significant association between all-day SBP, all-day DBP, day SBP and day DBP with BMI (P Value<0.05) in males. But in females, there was a statistically significant association between all day SBP, day SBP with BMI only (P Value<0.05).

CONCLUSION

The present study was one of the kinds in the study region as there was no report of ABPM parameters in the study population. Patients with T2DM can benefit from routine ABPM by early identification and management of Hypertension in Type 2 DM.