Use of hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin hybrid monolithic material as adsorbent for dispersive solid-phase extraction of fluoroquinolones from environmental water samples.

In this study, the hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin hybrid monolithic material was fabricated and firstly applied as an adsorbent for dispersive solid-phase extraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography to detect trace-level seven fluoroquinolones in water samples. The prepared hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin hybrid monolithic material was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and adsorption experiments, which showed excellent specific adsorption to the target fluoroquinolones. Under the optimized conditions, the extraction methodology showed satisfactory precision with relative standard deviations between 2.6% and 5.6%, good linearity (R  ≥ 0.9990), and satisfactory recoveries (82.5-91.8%). The limits of detection and limits of quantification of the method were in the range of 0.4-1.2 and 1.4-4.0 ng/mL, respectively, which confirmed the possibility of quantifying trace levels. Furthermore, the material could be reused at least five times. These results demonstrated that the hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin hybrid monolithic material was a promising adsorbent for fluoroquinolones, and the established method combined dispersive solid-phase extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography was suitable for the determination of fluoroquinolones in aqueous samples.