Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Groton, Connecticut 06340, USA.
WuXi AppTec, 288 Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, China.
Org Biomol Chem. 2022 May 11;20(18):3747-3754. doi: 10.1039/d2ob00155a.
α-Branched heteroaryl amines are prevalent motifs in drugs and are typically prepared through C-N bond formation. In contrast, C-C bond-forming approaches to branched amines may dramatically expand available chemical space but are rarely pursued in parallel format due to a lack of established library protocols. Methods for the synthesis of α-branched heteroaryl amines aldimine addition have been evaluated for compatibility with parallel synthesis. activation of aliphatic carboxylic acids as redox-active esters enables Zn-mediated decarboxylative radical imine addition to access aliphatic-branched heterobenzylic amines. activation of (hetero)aryl bromides Li-halogen exchange enables heteroaryl-lithium addition to imines to access (hetero)benzhydryl amines. Condensation of heteroaryl amines with heteroaryl aldehydes provides aldimines which may be intercepted with aryl Grignard reagents to provide modular access to (hetero)benzhydryl amines. These protocols minimize synthetic step count and maximize accessible design space, enhancing access to α-branched heteroaryl amines for medicinal chemistry.
α-支链杂芳基胺是药物中常见的结构单元,通常通过 C-N 键形成来制备。相比之下,C-C 键形成方法可显著扩展可用的化学空间,但由于缺乏成熟的库协议,很少以平行格式进行探索。已经评估了用于合成α-支链杂芳基胺的醛亚胺加成反应与平行合成的兼容性。脂肪族羧酸的活化作为氧化还原活性酯,可实现 Zn 介导的脱羧基自由基亚胺加成,从而获得脂肪族支链杂苄基胺。(杂)芳基溴化物的活化和 Li-卤交换可实现芳基锂加成到亚胺,从而获得(杂)苯甲醚胺。杂芳基胺与杂芳基醛的缩合提供了醛亚胺,可与芳基格氏试剂进行拦截,从而提供(杂)苯甲醚胺的模块化方法。这些方案最大限度地减少了合成步骤数量,并最大限度地增加了可访问的设计空间,增强了药物化学中对α-支链杂芳基胺的获取。