Mazière J C, Mazière C, Gardette J, Polonovski J
Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 1986;44(5):545-50.
Low density lipoproteins (LDL) are the main plasmatic carrier of cholesterol through the tissues. Their catabolism depends essentially on the presence of high affinity specific receptors on the surface of the cells. Every diminution, genetic (familial hypercholesterolemia) or acquired, of the LDL catabolism via the receptors, causes the acceleration of the formation of atheromatous lesions. The present review considers the main characteristics of the receptor, the mechanisms of the endocytosis of LDL, the different types of mutation affecting the catabolism of LDL in familial hypercholesterolemia, as well as certain data concerning the regulation of the catabolism of LDL via the receptors (hormonal effect, effect of AMP, of calcium and role of nutritional factors).
低密度脂蛋白（LDL）是胆固醇通过组织的主要血浆载体。它们的分解代谢主要取决于细胞表面高亲和力特异性受体的存在。通过受体进行的LDL分解代谢的每一次减少，无论是遗传性的（家族性高胆固醇血症）还是后天获得性的，都会导致动脉粥样硬化病变形成加速。本综述考虑了受体的主要特征、LDL内吞作用的机制、影响家族性高胆固醇血症中LDL分解代谢的不同类型突变，以及关于通过受体调节LDL分解代谢的某些数据（激素作用、AMP、钙的作用和营养因素的作用）。
