Hou Sabrina W, Zhang Yan, Christian Lisa, Niechwiej-Szwedo Ewa, Giaschi Deborah
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Dev Psychobiol. 2022 May;64(4):e22270. doi: 10.1002/dev.22270.
Past research has reported deficits on reaching and grasping tasks in adults with amblyopia and degraded stereoacuity, but less is known about visuomotor deficits in children-specifically, for complex tasks that require movement sequencing. This study therefore compared the visuomotor performance in 21 children with abnormal binocular vision (patient group) due to amblyopia and/or strabismus to that of 236 children with normal binocular vision development (control group) ages 5-14 years. Visual acuity, stereoacuity, and hand-movement kinematics on a bead-threading task were assessed. The patient group showed significantly longer durations than the control group on grasp, thread, and total movement durations. Both groups of participants were then split into immature (ages 5-9 years) and mature (ages 10-14 years) groups based on the maturation age for these parameters in control children. Grasp duration was longer in both mature and immature patient groups; thread and total movement durations were longer in the mature patient group only. Grasp duration was the most disrupted kinematic parameter in children with disrupted binocular vision due to amblyopia and/or strabismus, regardless of age. The level of stereoacuity loss rather than the depth of visual acuity loss was associated with the severity of visuomotor deficits.
过去的研究报告称，患有弱视和立体视锐度下降的成年人在伸手和抓握任务方面存在缺陷，但对于儿童的视觉运动缺陷，尤其是对于需要运动序列的复杂任务，人们了解较少。因此，本研究比较了21名因弱视和/或斜视导致双眼视觉异常的儿童（患者组）与236名双眼视觉发育正常的5至14岁儿童（对照组）的视觉运动表现。评估了穿珠子任务中的视力、立体视锐度和手部运动学。患者组在抓握、穿线和总运动持续时间上比对照组明显更长。然后，根据对照组儿童这些参数的成熟年龄，将两组参与者分为未成熟组（5至9岁）和成熟组（10至14岁）。成熟和未成熟患者组的抓握持续时间都更长；只有成熟患者组的穿线和总运动持续时间更长。对于因弱视和/或斜视导致双眼视觉受损的儿童，无论年龄大小，抓握持续时间都是最受干扰的运动学参数。立体视锐度丧失的程度而非视力丧失的深度与视觉运动缺陷的严重程度相关。
