Garrido Inmaculada, Hernández Marcos, Llerena José Luis, Espinosa Francisco
Research Group FBCMP(BBB015), Faculty of Sciences, Campus Avenida de Elvas, University of Extremadura, s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain.
CIFP La Granja, Government of Cantabria, 39792 Heras, Spain.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Apr 7;11(4):729. doi: 10.3390/antiox11040729.
The objective of this work was to analyse, using a time series analysis, the effect of water regime for two cultivars at three stages of ripeness, during three consecutive years. Fruit and oil yield; O production and NADH oxidation activities; polyphenol oxidase (PPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POX) activities; total phenols, flavonoid and phenylpropanoid glycoside content; and total antioxidant capacity (FRAP) were determined. All these parameters were found to depend on variety, irrigation and year. The results showed that the fruit and oil yields were strongly dependent on both irrigation and variety. The DW/FW ratio was practically constant during ripening, with small variety-dependent changes due to irrigation. Total amino acid and protein contents increased with ripening, with a close dependence on variety but not on irrigation. The SOD and POX activities appeared closely related, and related to the NADH oxidation and the amount of O. The evolution of phenols and FRAP during ripening was complementary to that of NADH oxidation, O production as well as SOD and POX activities. The determining factors of the SOD, POX and PPO activities were the variety and the ripening; the determining factor of the yield, ROS production, total phenols and antioxidant capacity was the water regime. Inverse correlations were observed between maximum temperature and total phenols (-0.869), total flavonoids (-0.823), total PPGs (-0.801) and FRAP (-0.829); and between DW/FW and irrigation (-0.483). The remaining significant correlations were positive.
这项工作的目的是通过时间序列分析，连续三年分析两个品种在成熟三个阶段的水分状况的影响。测定了果实和油产量、O生成和NADH氧化活性、多酚氧化酶（PPO）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（POX）活性、总酚、黄酮类化合物和苯丙烷类糖苷含量以及总抗氧化能力（FRAP）。发现所有这些参数均取决于品种、灌溉和年份。结果表明，果实和油产量强烈依赖于灌溉和品种。DW/FW比在成熟期间基本恒定，因灌溉而存在与品种相关的微小变化。总氨基酸和蛋白质含量随着成熟而增加，与品种密切相关，但与灌溉无关。SOD和POX活性似乎密切相关，且与NADH氧化和O的量有关。成熟期间酚类和FRAP的变化与NADH氧化、O生成以及SOD和POX活性的变化互补。SOD、POX和PPO活性的决定因素是品种和成熟度；产量、ROS生成、总酚和抗氧化能力的决定因素是水分状况。观察到最高温度与总酚（-0.869）、总黄酮（-0.823）、总PPG（-0.801）和FRAP（-0.829）之间呈负相关；DW/FW与灌溉之间呈负相关（-0.483）。其余显著相关性为正相关。
