Farkas Szidónia, Szabó Adrienn, Hegyi Anita Emőke, Török Bibiána, Fazekas Csilla Lea, Ernszt Dávid, Kovács Tamás, Zelena Dóra
Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Center, Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary.
János Szentágothai School of Neurosciences, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary.
Biomedicines. 2022 Apr 6;10(4):861. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10040861.
Estrogen is one of the most important female sex hormones, and is indispensable for reproduction. However, its role is much wider. Among others, due to its neuroprotective effects, estrogen protects the brain against dementia and complications of traumatic injury. Previously, it was used mainly as a therapeutic option for influencing the menstrual cycle and treating menopausal symptoms. Unfortunately, hormone replacement therapy might be associated with detrimental side effects, such as increased risk of stroke and breast cancer, raising concerns about its safety. Thus, tissue-selective and non-classical estrogen analogues have become the focus of interest. Here, we review the current knowledge about estrogen effects in a broader sense, and the possibility of using selective estrogen-receptor modulators (SERMs), selective estrogen-receptor downregulators (SERDs), phytoestrogens, and activators of non-genomic estrogen-like signaling (ANGELS) molecules as treatment.
雌激素是最重要的女性性激素之一，对生殖不可或缺。然而，其作用更为广泛。其中，由于其神经保护作用，雌激素可保护大脑免受痴呆症和创伤性损伤并发症的影响。以前，它主要用作影响月经周期和治疗更年期症状的治疗选择。不幸的是，激素替代疗法可能会带来有害的副作用，如中风和乳腺癌风险增加，这引发了对其安全性的担忧。因此，组织选择性和非经典雌激素类似物已成为关注焦点。在此，我们从更广泛的意义上综述了关于雌激素作用的现有知识，以及使用选择性雌激素受体调节剂（SERM）、选择性雌激素受体下调剂（SERD）、植物雌激素和非基因组雌激素样信号激活剂（ANGELS）分子进行治疗的可能性。
