Froehlich Kelly Ann, McAnulty Robin, Greer Andy
Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.
Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Apr 12;12(8):996. doi: 10.3390/ani12080996.
Loline, an alkaloid with several derivatives, has suggested antimicrobial and anthelmintic properties. Therefore, loline was investigated as a natural anthelmintic against , , and . Preliminary in vitro studies had reduced L3 establishment but no effect on L3 larvae migration or establishment. While loline-treated lambs had lower establishment of L4 and adult and L4 , L4 and adult appeared unaffected. Following preliminary study, an in vivo experiment examined lambs infected with a mix of L4 , , and adult . These lambs were treated with either a loline seed extract (LOL, = 7), nothing (CON, = 7), or a non-loline seed extract (NIL, = 2). There were no differences in worm burdens, fecal egg counts, weight gain, or feed intake between treatments. However, an average growth efficiency (kg LWG/kg DM intake) was detected ( = 0.01) in CON (0.18) which was less than LOL (0.24) or NIL (0.23). There was limited evidence to support an in vivo anti-parasitic effect of loline despite in vitro studies indicating potential benefits. Discrepancies between in vivo and in vitro studies results were potentially a result of loline contact time with larvae, mode of ingestion or the forms of loline present.
洛林碱是一种具有多种衍生物的生物碱，具有抗菌和驱虫特性。因此，对洛林碱作为针对[具体寄生虫名称缺失]、[具体寄生虫名称缺失]和[具体寄生虫名称缺失]的天然驱虫剂进行了研究。初步体外研究降低了第三期幼虫的定殖，但对第三期幼虫的迁移或[具体寄生虫名称缺失]定殖没有影响。虽然用洛林碱处理的羔羊中第四期幼虫和成虫[具体寄生虫名称缺失]以及第四期幼虫[具体寄生虫名称缺失]的定殖率较低，但第四期幼虫和成虫[具体寄生虫名称缺失]似乎未受影响。在初步研究之后，进行了一项体内实验，检测感染了第四期幼虫[具体寄生虫名称缺失]、[具体寄生虫名称缺失]和成虫[具体寄生虫名称缺失]混合物的羔羊。这些羔羊分别用洛林碱种子提取物（LOL，n = 7）、不做处理（CON，n = 7）或非洛林碱种子提取物（NIL，n = 2）进行处理。各处理组之间的蠕虫负荷、粪便虫卵计数、体重增加或采食量没有差异。然而，检测到CON组（0.18）的平均生长效率（每千克干物质摄入量的体重增加千克数，kg LWG/kg DM intake）较低（P = 0.01），低于LOL组（0.24）或NIL组（0.23）。尽管体外研究表明有潜在益处，但支持洛林碱体内抗寄生虫作用的证据有限。体内和体外研究结果之间的差异可能是由于洛林碱与幼虫的接触时间、摄入方式或存在的洛林碱形式所致。
