Burns Madeleine D, Boribong Brittany P, Bartsch Yannic C, Loiselle Maggie, St Denis Kerri J, Sheehan Maegan L, Chen Jessica W, Davis Jameson P, Lima Rosiane, Edlow Andrea G, Fasano Alessio, Balazs Alejandro B, Alter Galit, Yonker Lael M
Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Pediatrics, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Mar 23;10(4):492. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10040492.
Emergent SARS-CoV-2 variants and waning humoral immunity in vaccinated individuals have resulted in increased infections and hospitalizations. Children are not spared from infection nor complications of COVID-19, and the recent recommendation for boosters in individuals ages 12 years or older calls for broader understanding of the adolescent immune profile after mRNA vaccination. We tested the durability and cross-reactivity of anti-SARS-CoV-2 serologic responses over a six-month time course in vaccinated adolescents against the SARS-CoV-2 D614G ("wild type") and Omicron antigens. Serum from 77 adolescents showed that anti-Spike antibodies wane significantly over six months. After completion of a two-vaccine series, cross-reactivity against Omicron-specific receptor-binding domain (RBD) was seen. Functional humoral activation against wild type and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 also declines over time in vaccinated adolescent children. Evidence of waning mRNA-induced vaccine immunity underscores vulnerabilities in long-term pediatric protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection, while cross-reactivity highlights the additional benefits of vaccination. Characterization of adolescent immune signatures post-vaccination will inform guidance on vaccine platforms and timelines, and ultimately optimize immunoprotection of children.
新型严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）变体以及接种疫苗个体中体液免疫的减弱导致感染和住院人数增加。儿童也未能幸免于新冠病毒（COVID-19）感染及其并发症，最近针对12岁及以上人群接种加强针的建议需要我们更广泛地了解mRNA疫苗接种后青少年的免疫状况。我们在接种疫苗的青少年中，针对SARS-CoV-2 D614G（“野生型”）和奥密克戎抗原，在六个月的时间内测试了抗SARS-CoV-2血清学反应的持久性和交叉反应性。77名青少年的血清显示，抗刺突抗体在六个月内显著下降。在完成两剂疫苗接种后，观察到了针对奥密克戎特异性受体结合域（RBD）的交叉反应。接种疫苗的青少年儿童中，针对野生型和奥密克戎SARS-CoV-2的功能性体液激活也会随着时间的推移而下降。mRNA诱导的疫苗免疫力减弱的证据凸显了长期保护儿童免受SARS-CoV-2感染方面的薄弱环节，而交叉反应则突出了接种疫苗的额外益处。对接种疫苗后青少年免疫特征的表征将为疫苗平台和接种时间的指导提供依据，并最终优化儿童的免疫保护。
