Department of Neurology, International St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon 22711, Korea.
Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University, College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan 31151, Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Apr 14;19(8):4751. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19084751.
Although periodic limb movement during sleep (PLMS) and restless legs syndrome (RLS) are common in children and adolescents, they are relatively overlooked as a target of treatment. PLMS has been evaluated as having a lower clinical significance than RLS. This study examined the relationship of socio-behavioral factors of PLMS in Korean adolescents and checked whether PLMS is associated with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), depending on whether restless legs symptoms accompany it. In a cross-sectional study, 25,789 adolescents between 12 and 18 years of age (15.76 ± 1.73 years; female 51.49%) were evaluated using an online survey. Various self-report questionnaires were used to assess PLMS and RLS symptoms, EDS, sleep habits, and various socio-behavioral factors. The prevalence of self-perceived PLMS and restless legs symptoms were 903 (3.50%) and 1311 (5.08%), respectively. Of the 1311 participants, 399 had self-perceived PLMS. The odds ratios (ORs) for self-perceived PLMS in participants with restless legs symptoms were: males (OR = 1.528; 95% CI: 1.145-2.040), usually/always experienced apnea apnea (OR, 3.006; 95% CI, 1.954-4.624), increased proneness to Internet addiction (OR = 1.013; 95% CI: 1.001-1.025), sometimes/often consuming coffee (OR = 1.312; 95% CI: 1.015-1.695), EDS (OR = 0.826; 95% CI: 0.488-1.398), and perceived insufficient sleep (OR = 1.143; 95% CI: 0.835-1.565). The male gender, witness apnea, consuming coffee, and being prone to Internet addiction were identified as factors significantly associated with self-perceived PLMS in participants with restless legs symptoms. However, EDS and insufficient sleep were associated with self-perceived PLMS in the absence of restless legs symptoms.
虽然周期性肢体运动在睡眠中(PLMS)和不宁腿综合征(RLS)在儿童和青少年中很常见,但作为治疗目标相对被忽视。PLMS 的临床意义被评估低于 RLS。本研究检查了韩国青少年 PLMS 的社会行为因素之间的关系,并检查了 PLMS 是否与日间嗜睡(EDS)相关,具体取决于是否伴有不安腿症状。在一项横断面研究中,对 25789 名 12 至 18 岁(15.76±1.73 岁;女性 51.49%)的青少年进行了在线调查。使用各种自我报告问卷评估 PLMS 和 RLS 症状、EDS、睡眠习惯和各种社会行为因素。自我感知 PLMS 和不安腿症状的患病率分别为 903(3.50%)和 1311(5.08%)。在 1311 名参与者中,有 399 名自我感知 PLMS。有不安腿症状的参与者自我感知 PLMS 的优势比(OR)为:男性(OR=1.528;95%CI:1.145-2.040),通常/总是经历呼吸暂停(OR,3.006;95%CI,1.954-4.624),增加对网络成瘾的倾向(OR=1.013;95%CI:1.001-1.025),有时/经常喝咖啡(OR=1.312;95%CI:1.015-1.695),EDS(OR=0.826;95%CI:0.488-1.398),以及感知睡眠不足(OR=1.143;95%CI:0.835-1.565)。男性、 witnessing 呼吸暂停、喝咖啡和容易上网成瘾被确定为与不安腿症状患者自我感知 PLMS 显著相关的因素。然而,在没有不安腿症状的情况下,EDS 和睡眠不足与自我感知 PLMS 相关。